Cucumber cultivation in autumn and winter can be seedlings can also be live, nursery seedlings for about 20 days, generally began in early July seedlings, planting in late July to early August.
I. Variety selection
Should choose strong disease resistance, that is, heat and low temperature resistance, strong light resistance, high yield and strong growth potential varieties, such as Jinlv 30, Jinxiang No. 38, Derrit series of varieties.
Second, soil preparation, sowing
In early July, the former crop will be cleared and the land will be leveled. The quality of organic fertilizer shall be 10000-15000 kg per mu, 50 kg of diammonium phosphate, 20 kg of potassium sulfate, 20-30 cm of deep-dip, deep-watered, sealed membrane 7— In 10 days, high temperature was used to kill germs and eggs, and the organic fertilizer was thoroughly decomposed. Ten days later, the air was released and the film was rolled up and down. Rilling but not covered, ridge spacing 120 cm, ridge back width 70 cm, ridge width 50 cm, ridge height 20-25 cm, 3-5 days before sowing ridging ridge water. Allow the soil moisture to be sown or planted.
Third, the density of colonization
The colonization density of cucumbers in autumn and winter is smaller than that in early spring, and they are planted in large and small rows with a large row spacing of 70cm, a small row spacing of 50cm, a plant spacing of 33-35cm, and 3300 mu.
Fourth, adult management
In the middle and late August, the cucumbers have entered a period of high growth. This stage should be properly controlled watering, control of vegetative growth, and promote root development and reproductive growth.
At this time, the outside temperature began to gradually decrease, and the convective wind was adjusted by placing the waist wind and the top wind to adjust the temperature and reduce the humidity. The daytime temperature was maintained at 25-30°C and the nighttime was maintained at 16-19°C. When the root grows to about 10 centimeters, fertilizer and water should be sufficient. About 7 days or so, pour water. Apply fertilizer 5 kg per mu, 10 kg potassium fertilizer, 20 kg compound fertilizer, or biogas slurry 800-1200. kg. Watering should be done on a sunny morning, and after watering, it should be released at noon. In October, as the temperature drops, the number of waterings should be reduced. Water should be poured every 10 to 15 days and top-dressed with water. The temperature is maintained at 25-28°C during the day and 15-18°C during the night. When the greenhouse minimum temperature is less than 15°C, close the tuyere and adjust the temperature during the day by controlling the size of the top wind. During this period, the cucumber enters the growth recession period, the demand for fertilizer and water is reduced, and the water is poured every 15 days. Lord, spray the dough once every 7 days. Cucumber in autumn and winter is mainly based on the "one-stop" method of pruning.
V. Diseases
1. Cucumber downy mildew:
[Symptoms] At the onset of the disease, water-soaked yellowish spots appeared on the leaves. After the lesions were expanded, the veins were restricted to form a polygonal yellowish-brown to brown spot. When the humidity was high, the gray-black moldy layer grew on the back of the leaves. In severe cases, the lesions are contiguous and the whole leaf is yellow.
[Control methods]
(1) Selection of disease-resistant varieties
(2) Cultivation of disease-free seedlings
(3) Strengthen field management
(4) Chemical control: spray 72.2% Preclosure 800 times, 75% WP 600 times, or 25% WP 750 times, or 72%. Kelu 800 times liquid.
2, cucumber bacterial angular spot
[Symptoms] mainly damage the leaves, but also harm the fruits and stems. The leaves become water-stained spots at the beginning of the disease, and then gradually turn into light brown spots. The back of the leaves is limited by the veins and is polygonal. In severe cases, perforation of the diseased leaves, air humidity. When large, the back of the diseased leaf, diseased fruit and diseased stems can show milky pus.
(1) Rolling down
(2) Strengthen field management, pay attention to ventilation and dehumidification; remove central diseased plants in time;
(3) Chemical control: In the early stage of disease, 72% of agricultural streptomycin sulfate and 4000 times, or 77%, can be used to kill WP 400 times.
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