Identification of raw herbs
Character identification
(l) The gourd tea stems are often broken. The base is wooden and cylindrical, with a diameter of about 5mm. The surface is reddish-brown to reddish-brown. The upper part is grassy, ​​with a third floor, and the edges are sparsely rented. The leaves are mostly crumpled and curled. After flattening, they are oval-shaped and lanceolate, 6-15cm long and 1-3.5cm wide. The surface is reddish-brown and the main veins on the underside are hairy and leathery. The petiole length is 0.8-3.5. Cm, broadly winged; stipules sometimes visible, lanceolate, pale brown. Sometimes racemes or flat pods are seen, 2-5 cm long, 4-8 near-square tangs, and coats. Gas fragrant, slightly sweet taste.
(2) Man gossypium cucurbitae ovate lanceolate or elliptic lanceolate; capsule only dorsal, abdominal suture densely ciliate. All of them are better in terms of leaves, dryness, reddish color and no thick stems.
Microscopic identification
Gourd tea stem transverse section: triangular. Epidermal cells 1 column. The cortex is 4-5 columns of graphic parenchyma cells with 3-4 columns at the edges
Thick horny cells. The pleated sheath fibers break into loops. The phloem is narrow and bast fibers are scattered or bundled. Layer formation loop. The xylem occupies a larger part; the wood ray is 1-3 rows wide; the catheters are scattered individually or in several radial rows. Pyramidal triangle. The product parenchyma cells contain calcium oxalate crystals.
Leaf cross-section: The center of the upper surface has sharp ridges, and the dorsal midvein protrudes outward. There are 5 central vascular bundles and 3 lower ones, which are arranged in a meniscus or in a trough. The phloem is below the xylem and the top two are smaller. The phloem is located above the essence. The pilar fiber loops. Parenchyma cells contain calcium oxalate crystals.
Leaf surface view: The peristaltic wall of the epidermis is straight or wavy, with less stomata and furry. The epidermis cells are peristaltic. The glandular hairs are easy to see, glandular head 3 cells, diameter 15-20μm, gland stalk 2 cells. Two hundred non-glandular hairs, one single cell, up to 14μm, base diameter 30-50μm, wall thickness, verrucous projections on the surface; plus a 2-3 cell, length 60-85μm, diameter 8μm, wall Thin, curved and hooked at the top.
Physical and chemical identification
Take the product broken leaves 10g, with 70% ethanol reflux extraction 2 times, filtered. The filtrate was added with 3 drops of hydrochloric acid and a little zinc powder, and the solution was pink. (Check flavonoids)
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