Main points of mechanized sowing of peanut

Technology Model

1. Ridge planting (ridge planting): After the previous crop is harvested, the land should be cultivated in time, and the surface of the soil should be loose and fine, flat and solid, and the top and bottom are solid, and then use the ridge planter to perform the seeding operation. Or, after the previous crop is harvested, use a rotary tiller planter to directly spin and plant the ridge.

2. Flat-field sowing (flat-cropping): After the first crop is harvested, straw and stubble treatment should be carried out in time, rotary tillage (1 or 2 times), and then use the flat-cropping planter for sowing.

3. No-till seeding: After the previous crop is harvested, directly use the peanut no-till seeder to complete the operations of fertilization, seeding, soil covering, and suppression.

Seeding requirements

1. Seed preparation. Sun sowing 2 to 3 days before sowing to improve seed activity. Consistent seed size, purity above 96%, purity above 98%, germination rate above 98%; before sowing, select appropriate seed coating agent according to agronomic requirements, and coat (seed seed) the peanut seeds .

2. Soil moisture. The soil moisture should meet the moisture content of the soil layer of 5-10 cm when sowing ≥15%. If the moisture content is insufficient, water should be created in advance.

3. Sowing date. Select the first crop to be planted immediately after harvesting. If the soil moisture is insufficient when planting, water should be created in advance.

4. Number of seeding holes. The number of peanut sowing holes should be determined according to the ground power and variety characteristics. Large grain peanuts are 8000~10000 holes per mu, small grain peanuts are 10000~12000 holes per mu, two grains per hole.

5. Sowing depth. According to the soil moisture, the planting depth should be controlled at 5 cm.

6. Mechanical seeding. Ridge planting generally adopts one-row two-row, two-row four-row or three-row six-row sowing models. The height of the ridge is 15-20 cm, and the ridge distance is 75-85 cm. The distance between the peanut planting row and the ridge edge must be kept at least 12 cm. Flat cropping generally adopts equal-row spacing sowing mode, with a row spacing of 25 to 30 cm.

Quality requirements for seeding operations. Machine seeding requires double seed rate above 80%, cavitation rate no more than 2%, crushing rate less than 1%, qualified rate of sowing depth is more than 85%; fertilization requirements are uniform and depth is the same.

Precautions

1. Before sowing, carefully check the fasteners to ensure a firm connection; lubricate the transmission parts (parts) to ensure good operation.

2. When sowing, keep a straight line at a constant speed. No turning, reversing and parking are allowed in the middle.

3. When turning, turning and transferring plots, the seeder should be slowly raised to a safe height to prevent collision between the working parts and the ground during the travel, causing damage to the parts.

4. It is strictly forbidden to adjust and overhaul the planter without stopping the tractor.

5. It is strictly forbidden to stand or sit at both ends of the main beam of the planter.

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