In recent years, in order to speed up the recovery of rapeseed production, Gushi County has tapped the potential of increasing oil production, giving full play to the important supporting role of science and technology in rapeseed production, and comprehensively carrying out research and application of mechanized supporting agronomic technology for rapeseed production. Let's take a look at how Xiaoshi County, Henan Province, under the supervision of experts, can complete this with Xiaobian.
1 Full range of mechanized supporting agronomic techniques
1.1 In the design of the project, mechanize the whole process, implement the advanced nature of the project, and adhere to the scientific nature of the project. In the purchase of agricultural machinery, new varieties of rapeseed and rapeseed production technology, adhere to the "top design", introduce, digest and apply the most advanced agriculture. New equipment, new varieties, new technologies. Promote Huzhou Xingguang 4LL-2.0Y, Jiangsu Wode 4LYZ-2.5A, Kubota 4LYZ-1.8, Futian Revo 4LZ-2G and other new rapeseed combine harvesters, Henan Haofeng ZBMSF-6 no-tillage fertilization small grain planter, Shanghai agricultural machinery Institute of ZBGKF-6 rapeseed fertilization planter, Wuhan Yellow Crane ZBFQ-6 rapeseed no-till planter and other new rapeseed planters. Promote anti-aircraft guns, aircraft JKBIF-DP5B4ME18 high-efficiency plant protection machine and other machine-proof equipment, and promote new technologies such as Fengyou 701, Qinyou 10, Xinyou 2405, Boyou 6 and Huyouza 1 and other varieties of rapeseed and formula fertilization. Improve the rapeseed sowing and harvesting equipment under the existing agricultural machinery operation level and conditions, develop the production links of rapeseed production, and the agricultural machinery and tools applicable to each agronomic measure. At the same time, pay attention to the introduction of advanced agricultural machinery, new varieties and new technologies in the region. The pertinence and applicability of rapeseed production focus on the digestive process such as experimentation and demonstration, and improve the adaptability and operability of the region.
1.2 Adhere to standardization in project implementation, pay attention to effectiveness, and promote the professionalization and cooperation of agricultural machinery operations.
The many advantages of mechanized operation in rapeseed production have increased the enthusiasm of farmers to purchase and apply agricultural machinery. However, due to the limitation of family production scale, it is difficult to purchase all agricultural machinery and equipment. In the implementation of the project, farmers are encouraged to purchase jointly, cooperatively purchase and delineate the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools, and promote the cooperation and specialization of agricultural machinery services; encourage farmers and agricultural technicians to purchase and improve suitable rapeseed production according to actual production needs. Agro-working agricultural machinery and equipment, giving full play to the utilization and operational efficiency of existing agricultural machinery. The universal application of mechanization of rapeseed production and the improvement of the professionalization level of agricultural machinery services have also promoted the mechanized operation of rapeseed production and the standardization of various cultivation techniques to a certain extent.
1.3 Adhere to demonstration and guidance in the promotion of the project, highlighting the status of farmers
Leaders at the county, township and village levels generally attach importance to project implementation. The county party committee and county government convened a special meeting to deploy the research and application of mechanized technology for rapeseed production. Using various propaganda media to publicize and launch, the agricultural sector selected 35 excellent agriculture. The technicians went deep into the townships and towns of the county, went to the village to organize demonstrations and implement them. On the basis of propaganda, guidance and demonstration, they focused on highlighting the main status of farmers and giving full play to the initiative of farmers to purchase and apply advanced agricultural machinery and advanced agricultural technology. Sex, enthusiasm. Due to the attention of governments at all levels, the propaganda and agitation effect, and the strong guiding role, the project has shown significant advantages in reducing labor intensity, reducing production costs, improving labor efficiency, and increasing rapeseed yield. The majority of farmers generally believe that the whole process of mechanization of rapeseed production The research and application project is a “grounded gas†and effective project for the benefit of the people. The implementation of the project has been widely welcomed by farmers.
2 main results
2.1 The production of agro-agricultural technology of rapeseed has realized the whole process of supporting the special experiment and comprehensive demonstration, from the rapeseed production land cultivation, mechanical sowing, to fertilization, application of medicine, to mechanical harvesting, straw crushing and returning to the field, corresponding to agronomic measures. Tillage quality, variety selection, soil testing and formula fertilization, rational close planting, integrated pest control, suitable harvesting and fertility, achieved a high degree of integration of agricultural machinery and agronomic technology, supporting the promotion, and its research and technical application are the main production of rapeseed in the country. In the forefront of the district, it has reached the domestic leading level. Among them, the research results of "agricultural technology for rapeseed mechanized harvesting" have been published in the first issue of "Henan Agriculture" in 2013, and it is promoted nationwide. Its innovation is mainly focused on the “three breaksâ€. First, it broke the concept of single-skill technology promotion, put together agricultural machinery technology and agro-technical technology, and found fusion points to achieve light and efficient requirements. The second is to break the selection concept of promoting the special organic tools for rapeseed production, and to make the efficient use of agricultural machinery as the research focus, and successfully improve the existing tools such as rice and wheat harvesters and rice transplanters for rapeseed production. The third is to break the high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation and fixed agronomic model of rapeseed, and put forward the supporting agronomic techniques combined with the requirements of agricultural machinery, such as reasonable close planting, reduced plant height, light weight application before and after heavy cropping, and suitable late harvest.
2.2 Improve the comprehensive production capacity of rapeseed
Through the implementation of the whole process of mechanized supporting agronomic technology research and promotion projects in rapeseed production, the comprehensive production capacity of rapeseed in the national rapeseed production county of Gushi County has been greatly improved. First, through the integration of various project resources, a rapeseed production technology promotion service system covering the whole county was established. The second is to form a technical specification for the fusion of rapeseed production agricultural machinery and aquaculture, and quickly promote the application to production, and improve the scientific and technological content of rapeseed production. The third is to improve the mechanized supporting level of rapeseed production. In the past three years, the total power of agricultural machinery in the county has increased by 300,000 kW, especially the past blanks of rapeseed and machine harvesting. Now it has achieved mechanization. The fourth is to promote the construction of a socialized service system for rapeseed production. With the agricultural machinery professional cooperative as the backbone and supplemented by large planting households, a socialized service network covering the entire process of rapeseed production and covering the whole county and extending the surrounding area has been formed.
2.3 increased the level of rapeseed production
Through demonstration promotion and technical services, we promote leading varieties and rapeseed sowing technology, mechanized fertilization technology, mechanized weeding technology, mechanized harvesting technology, fertilized boron fertilizer technology, rational close planting technology, soil testing and formula fertilization technology, integrated pest control technology, etc. The application of key supporting technologies has improved the production level of rapeseed. According to the actual production survey of 90 6.67 hm 2 demonstration sites in the past 3 years and the actual production survey of 65,600 hm 2 demonstration tablets, the average yield of rapeseed production and promotion of rapeseed production was 182.1 kg/667 m 2 . Compared with the traditional operation, rapeseed production was 173.1 kg/667 m 2 , and the output increased by 9.0 kg/667 m 2 , an increase of 5.18%. Compared with the county's average annual production of 157.7 kg/667 m 2 in 2011, the yield increased by 24.4 kg/667 m 2 , an increase of 15.47%. .
2.4 Improve the economic benefits of rapeseed cultivation
First, it has achieved increased production and efficiency. In the past three years, the cumulative demonstration and implementation area of ​​the project has reached 65,600 hm 2 , and the average production has increased by 9.0 kg/667 m2 compared with the traditional operation. According to the calculation of 5.6 yuan/kg, the three-year project realized an increase of RMB 49,593,600.
The second is to achieve savings and efficiency. According to estimates, the application of agronomic technology for the whole process of rapeseed is 1.7/667m2 than the traditional operation, calculated at 100 yuan/day, 170 yuan, 80 yuan for deducting oil, and 90 yuan/667m2 for the festival. The three-year demonstration total increase of RMB 88.56 million. From 2011 to 2014, the accumulated demonstration and promotion area of ​​the three production years was 65,600 hm2, and the increase in production and efficiency and the increase in cost and efficiency were 138,615,600 yuan, with an average increase of 140.4 yuan/667m2.
2.5 promoted the sustainable development of rapeseed production
The mechanization of rapeseed production and the application of advanced rapeseed production technology have reduced the unit cost of rapeseed, enhanced the competitiveness of commercial rapeseed, improved the output efficiency of land and the utilization efficiency of agricultural resources, and realized resource utilization and protection. The organic combination, through the implementation of soil testing formula fertilization and integrated pest control, reduce the environmental pollution of chemical substances and the impact on the quality of agricultural products, protect the ecological environment, improve the quality and safety of edible oil products.
The above is all the contents of today. I saw the rapeseed production technology in Gushi County. What do you think? In fact, there are many areas of agriculture in China that have developed well and are worth learning!
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