Reasonable fertilization in winter and spring greenhouse vegetables can produce a good harvest, as follows:
One must regulate the basic fertilizer. Topdressing In order to prevent one-time fertilization, the amount of fertilizer should be sufficient to apply basic fertilizer and timely fertilizer. The proportion of common basal fertilizer should account for 60% of the total amount of fertilizer, and phosphate fertilizer can be increased to 70% due to its slow decomposition. Nitrogen and potassium fertilizers should be 40%. High-quality farmhouse compost and manure should not exceed 5000 kg per mu. High-quality organic compound fertilizer is generally 75 kg per acre and should not exceed 100 kg.
Second, increase organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizer can not only improve the soil, improve the ability to maintain fertilizer and water, but also enable the steady release of fertilizers, and can also adjust the pH balance of the soil. In addition to the use of farmyard-built fertilizers, bio-organic fertilizers and the production of active organic fertilizers such as Huimanfeng and Diledan should be strongly promoted. This kind of organic compound fertilizer can supply a large number of elemental fertilizers and various trace elements, supplement organic matter to improve the soil, inhibit the damage of some diseases and insect pests in the soil, and avoid the occurrence of fertilizer damage due to concentrated fertilizer supply in the soil.
Third, we must prohibit shallow top dressing. Because of the tight confinement of greenhouse vegetables, fertilizers can be easily volatilized from shallow fertilizers or fertilizers, which reduces both fertilizer efficiency and ammonia hazards. When topdressing, apply acupuncture points or strips. The depth is 5 to 6 cm. Keep a distance of 8 to 10 cm from the vegetable roots.
Fourth, we must apply topdressing nitrogen fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilizers, especially urea and ammonium bicarbonate, are easily absorbed by vegetables only when they are converted into nitric acid nitrogen, and the external cause of the speed is temperature. When the temperature in the greenhouse is lower than 15°C, nitrifying bacteria and activities will be inhibited. Therefore, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer should be carried out before and after noon on sunny days. If it is too early or too late, the effect of topdressing will be reduced due to low temperature. Advocate 0.5% ~ 1.0% concentration of urea solution when the temperature at 15 °C above the root fertilization.
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