Technical regulations for garlic cultivation

1. Technical indicators

1. Environmental conditions. The production base of Banjiudian Town is far from urban mining areas, and the product production environment is free from harmful substances such as "three wastes". The soil and water quality have been repeatedly measured by relevant departments. They are all pollution-free, the atmosphere is pure, and the environment is good.

2. Fine land preparation. Shallow plowing and stubble, deep plowing the arable land, increasing the size of the active soil layer to more than 25 cm, promoting deep rooting and facilitating the absorption of fertilizer and water. Combined with land preparation, timely clean up the stubble diseased plants, tiles, stones, broken waste film, etc. in order to reduce the source of diseases and insects and optimize soil physical properties.

3. Fertilization technology. The application of fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, and base fertilizer is the main. Fertilized high-quality loop fertilizer is applied to the soil plow layer to increase the organic matter content. Chemical fertilizer is used in combination with organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer, that is, 5000 kg of organic fertilizer per acre plus 20 kg of diammonium phosphate and 60 kg of microbial fertilizer. Top-dressing is mainly based on quick-acting fertilizers, which are applied during the growth phase of garlic to supplement the required nutrients. Combined with watering when the garlic cloves were "out-pointed", 20 kg of urea was applied per acre, and 40 kg of "301" garlic fertilizer was applied to acres when the buds were differentiated the following year, and water was applied immediately after fertilization. 15 kg of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer (ammonium sulfate) to increase yield and improve quality.

4. Application of mulch. The application of mulch mulching measures can effectively increase the ground temperature and air temperature in small environments, and can prevent the occurrence of diseases such as wilt and garlic rot.

5. Scientific watering. In the production of garlic, non-polluting, clean and hygienic water is selected, and watering is carried out in an appropriate amount in a proper period.

6, pest control. Based on the principle of "prevention-oriented, comprehensive control", focusing on biological control and physical control, chemical control strictly follows the requirements of the principles of pollution-free agricultural products and pesticides based on forecasting and forecasting. Actively prevent and control pests and diseases within the * range. The main types of diseases and insect pests are purple spot disease, blight, thrips, etc.

6.1 Physical control: Hanging silver ash film strips in the field to avoid aphids, reduce the harm of aphids transmission, and reduce the incidence of diseases.

6.2 Agricultural control: Suitable disease-resistant varieties should be selected according to local conditions; strengthen field management and adopt balanced fertilization technology mainly based on organic fertilizers to enhance disease resistance of plants; timely remove diseased residues in the field and avoid adjacent crops or continuous cropping with Allium plants.

6.3 Chemical control: (1) Diseases: The garlic diseases are mainly purple spot disease and blight. It can be sprayed with 1500 times solution of 50% puhein wettable powder, each dosage is 20-30 g / mu, twice a year, the last use time is 10 days before harvest. (2) Insect pests: Thrips can be controlled by spraying 25% Aikas EC 1000 times liquid, and the dosage is 30-45 grams per mu. The last use time is 15 days before harvest.

6.4 Prohibited Pharmacy: The use of paraben (3911), acetam, monocrotophos, parathion (1605), methyl isophos, omethoate, dichlorcarb, aldicarb, insecticide, Pesticides such as dicofol, 666, lindane powder, sodium fluoride, fluoroacetamide, arsenic and other arsenic preparations.

Second, garlic cultivation technical regulations

1. Theme content and adaptation scope. This regulation specifies the preparation before planting of base garlic, cultivation techniques, management of the greening stage, management of garlic moss and garlic formation, and pest control.

2. Indicator requirements. (1) Yield: one crop and two crops per year, 400-500 kg of garlic moss per mu and 2000-2500 kg of garlic. (2) Density: The average number of acres of Soviet hybrid garlic is 26,000-30000. (3) Quality: 80% above 5 cm, 15% 4-5 cm, and less than 5% within 4 cm.

3. Main cultivation technology standards. (1) Fine land preparation for hoeing and fertilizing. Select the plots with fertile soil and good watering conditions, deepen the ridges by about 20-25 cm, finely prepare the land, and apply sufficient base fertilizer. According to the size of the plot and the size of the mulch, it will be adjusted to a proper size.

(2) Sowing. ① Selection and treatment of garlic seeds. The size of garlic cloves is closely related to the yield. The bigger the garlic cloves, the stronger the plants will grow. Before planting, choose the garlic cloves that are plump, white, disease-free, mildew-free and non-disabled to grow garlic. If the size of the garlic cloves is not uniform, they can be divided into three levels according to large, medium and small, and seeded separately for management. In order to make garlic grow and emerge after seeding, you can soak the seeds with water. ② Seeding method. The Soviet hybrid garlic is suitable for sparse planting, and the row spacing can be 15 × 17 cm or 16 × 16 cm, and the number of acres can be 25-30 thousand. The direction of the garlic cloves should be the same when sowing, the back of the petals should be consistent with the row direction, the garlic leaves should be parallel after emergence, and they will not affect the light. Use a plate to push both sides into the deep soil.

(3) Field management. â‘  Seedling management. When the buds are just exposed, gently pat them with a broom to push them out of the membrane. After emergence, the individual hooks that can not eject the film can be hooked out, and the water can be irrigated once in the middle and late October when the weather is dry. â‘¡ Management of returning youth. After returning to the green in spring, depending on the soil moisture, you can return to the green water once before and after the Qingming Festival, and topdressing about 15 kg / mu urea. In the future, keep the ground moist, stop irrigation 3 to 4 days before harvesting garlic moss, stop applying fertilizer 10 days before harvest, and stop watering one week before harvesting garlic. â‘¢ Harvest and air in time. Picking moss at the right time will not only make the product soft and tender, but also save nutrients and promote the rapid expansion of garlic. When picking moss, try not to damage the leaves or make the plant lodging, so as not to affect the production and transportation of nutrients and reduce the yield of garlic. About 15-18 days after lifting the moss, the leaves are yellow, and when the pseudostems are soft, the garlic is harvested at the right time. Take a planing garlic head, cut the roots, and coarsely classify them to dry. Do not cut the clay when drying. In the field, press the garlic leaves and press the garlic head in one direction to dry for 3-5 days, then tie or braid it, and place it on a raised herringbone to continue drying. Note that the rack should be placed in a ventilated place, often turned to dry, When selling, cut the garlic from the cloves.

Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If third party legal rights are involved, please inform this website to deal with them. phone