As winter approaches, the temperature will gradually decrease, and persistent weather, extreme cold, severe storms, and other bad weather will also appear from time to time, reminding farmers to pay attention to weather changes, focusing on prevention of wind and cold, and managing greenhouse vegetables and greenhouse vegetables.
Greenhouse vegetables: Install grasshoppers to prevent cold and regulate the environment of the greenhouse
With the decline in outside temperatures, some vegetable farmers have begun to install cold grass in the greenhouse. From the weather conditions in the coming days, the management focuses mainly on the following points:
Pay attention to the installation of grasshoppers. When the outside temperature drops to 5°C, it is necessary to prepare to install grasshoppers for the greenhouses to prevent the normal temperature of the vegetables from being affected by the low temperature in the greenhouses. As the temperature gradually decreases, there may be rain and snow, and vegetable farmers should also do rain-proof work on grass cover and other coverings to prevent grass bedding from getting wet and affect their use.
Pay attention to control the environment of the greenhouse and put it in front of the tree for early release, or put “curtains†(half of the use of the shutter and 2/3 of the shutter) to avoid overheating in the shed. Vegetable flowering fruit set. In the late autumn and early winter, mostly cloudy weather dominates, the light intensity is weaker, and the photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves declines. It is necessary to take measures to increase the light intensity of the greenhouses, such as setting reflective films and frequently cleaning the greenhouse films.
Do a good job in disease prevention and control work to reduce the temperature and rainy weather, greenhouse ventilation is poor, humidity in the shed, should pay special attention to the prevention of vegetable diseases. There are three main diseases of melon vegetables, namely downy mildew, bacterial angular spot and target spot disease; tomato late blight, leaf mildew and gray leaf spot disease in eggplant vegetables, eggplant blight, early blight and brown spots Diseases, pepper diseases, etc. are serious and prevention must be strengthened. As the temperature inside the shed decreases and the humidity increases, gray mold will also become a major threat to vegetable production. For the prevention and control of diseases, it is recommended to strengthen comprehensive prevention and control: First of all, for the symptomatic use of drugs, rational use of drugs, prevention and treatment of disease; Second, reduce the humidity within the shed to reduce the incidence of the disease. After cooling, the vents in the greenhouse cannot be opened, and the humidity can be reduced by covering the film and straw.
Supplementing nutrition in advance At this time, most vegetables are in a fruit-expanding stage, and nutrition must be added in a timely manner. According to the needs of each vegetable, it can be reasonably top-dressed to ensure nutrients during expansion.
Shed vegetables: Take measures to keep warm, extend the result time
The insulation conditions of arch sheds are limited, and the temperature variation within the shed is large. Especially near the vents, it is vulnerable to low temperatures, causing slow growth of vegetables, affecting root growth and flower bud differentiation, resulting in reduced yield and quality of vegetables. Therefore, it is imperative to do a good job of preventing cold and warming vegetables in greenhouses before cooling down.
Set up two membranes to increase the shed cover
The arch shelter has poor cold resistance. To resist the invasion of low temperatures, the most effective method is to install two membranes in the arch. When choosing a shed, choose one or more layers of film (you can use the old film on the shed) to hang it on both sides of the shed. When the temperature decreases in the morning and in the evening, put it down. When the temperature is high at noon, close it up so as not to affect the light. The area around the shed body has a large heat dissipation area, and the temperature change is the most severe. Therefore, in addition to installing the second membrane in the arch shed, care should be taken to cover the grass awning around the arch shed to prevent the vegetables near the vent from being affected by low temperatures. At the same time, it is important to pay attention to strengthening the ventilation of the arch shed during the day.
For cultivators with insulation and cold-proof sheds that are not covered by plastic film, attention should be paid to cultivator insulation. The ground panel knots, during the day when the hot gas enters the tillage layer is limited, the soil heat storage is small, and the cracks in the compacted soil are large and deep, the structure of the pellets is poor, the former midnight is easy to lose heat, and the lower temperature in the latter part of the night is easy to cause cold damage. When the ventilation is carried out, shallow cultivators are used to break ground cracks, which can not only control the transpiration of groundwater to take away heat energy, but also reduce the humidity and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
Keeping the roots to protect the leaves, prolonging the results If the roots of the vegetables grow well, besides laying a good foundation in the early stages and promoting the formation of a large root group, special attention must be paid to the maintenance of the resulting roots. The root group structure has basically formed in the early stage of the results, but the later capillary roots will continue to age, die, and renew. As we all know, roots mainly rely on capillary roots to absorb water and nutrients. As a result, nutrient consumption is large and root pressure is also large. We must strengthen the maintenance of capillary roots and prevent root ageing. Rooting and root-cultivating fertilizers can be applied to raise roots and protect roots to ensure the continuous ability of vegetables. In addition to the prevention and treatment of leaf diseases, it is necessary to pay attention to the spraying of foliar fertilizer to enhance the resistance of leaves. When spraying leaf fertilizer, it is better to focus the spray on the back of the leaves.