Recently, "Contemporary Biology" published the first results of genome-wide research on ancient humans in China. The project was completed by a team of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Max Planck Institute for Human Evolution in Germany. The study analyzed the male individual genome unearthed in the Fangshan Cave in Beijing, 40,000 years ago. The composition of the early population was very complicated.
Exterior view of the idyllic cave ruins. (data picture)
Although ancient human sample genomes have been sequenced in Europe and Siberia, there are very few ancient human genome samples that have been sequenced in East Asia, especially in China. The study captured the genome-wide data of the first ancient Chinese in the region and is the oldest human genome data in East Asia.
The study, which began in 2013, found that the genetic relationship between the idyllic cavemen and modern Asians is closer than that of modern Europeans, and should be representative of the ancient East Asian population. But new research in 2014 shows that modern Europeans are mingling with more ancient genetic components, which can cause modern Europeans to be genetically far from other populations, and it is impossible to determine whether the previous evidence still supports the ancient Dong people.
Now, the ancient DNA laboratory of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, through the latest ancient DNA technology, captures only 0.03% of ancient human genome-wide data from ancient human DNA samples contaminated with bacteria and fungal DNA. Sequencing. By comparing the genomic data of rural people and Europeans who did not mix ancient genetic components, it was determined that the idyllic cave people 40,000 years ago had indeed presented Asian genetic characteristics. Although the idyllic cave people are ancient East Asians, he is not the direct ancestor of modern East Asians, suggesting the diversity of Asian populations 40,000 years ago.
The paper also revealed some unexpected findings. The analysis shows that the idyllic cave people 40,000 years ago have a genetic connection with an ancient European from Belgium 35,000 years ago. This connection was not discovered in other ancient Europeans of the same period. Therefore, it is very likely that the East Asians at that time did not have genetic communication with Europeans, but had genetic exchanges with an unknown population associated with the idyllic cavemen and the Belgian ancients. The genetic connection between these two ancient individuals provides powerful direct evidence for the complex genetic history of Europeans and Asians.
As is known to all, the migration of modern Americans occurred about 20,000 years ago, from Asia through the Bering Strait into the Americas. The idyllic cave people lived 40,000 years ago, and researchers expect that all Native Americans should have the same genetic connection as the idyllic cave people. Surprisingly, among the Native Americans, Amazonians have the closest relationship with the idyllic cave people. This result shows that Native Americans also have genetic diversity and are bred by at least two or more different Asian ancestors, at least one of which is associated with the idyllic cave people 40,000 years ago. In turn, it provides clues to the study of prehistoric population diversity in East Asia. (Economic Daily)
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