Rice-rice symbiosis refers to an efficient breeding mode for breeding of river clams in a rice field. Under this model, paddy fields can provide good feeding, sun drying sites and rapid growth; earthworms can loosen the soil and eat some of the pests, and the metabolites of earthworms can be used as high-quality fertilizer for rice growth. According to the practice of farmers, paddy fields can produce more than 450 kilograms of high-quality rice per acre. In the case of adequate feed, the annual weight gain per mu can reach more than 150 kilograms, and the overall efficiency is good.
First, site preparation
1. Selected rice fields. Select fresh water without pollution, convenient irrigation and drainage, sunny leeward, quiet environment, the circuit is smooth, good soil and water conservation fertilizer fertility, generally 5 to 10 acres is appropriate.
2. Excavate the trench. In the rice field, two trenches with a width of 2 to 3 meters, a width of 1.5 meters, and a depth of 1.5 meters were excavated at the two ends of the paddy field. A 1 meter wide, 0.5 meter wide and 1 meter deep trench was excavated in the field, and the area of ​​the trench occupied rice fields. The area is about 20%. If the conditions are suitable, 1 to 2 north-south directions can be established in a suitable position in the paddy field. The beach is 5 meters long and 1 meter wide, which is 0.8 meters above the normal water level in the paddy field. It can be used for spawning, breeding and drying.
3. Set the bait station. Set up a feed station with a length of 2 meters and a width of 0.5 meters along a horizontal ditch every 10 meters. One end of the bait station is placed on the field ridge, and the other end is not submerged in 5 to 10 centimeters. It can also be used for basking.
4. Build anti-escape facilities. Raise and widen the field ridges, and Tian Hao tilts inwards at a 45-degree angle. The outer wall of the field ridge is set to have a smooth inner wall, which is 0.5 to 1 meter above the ground, buried in the cement brick wall with 0.3 to 0.4 meters underground, and the top pressing edge is to extend 15 to 20 centimeters. Paddy field water inlet and outlet are diagonally arranged, and the inlet and outlet are well-wrapped with a polyethylene net.
5. Weed transplants. In the sulcus, planting black-green algae, water peanuts and other plants, planting area accounted for about 30% of the sulcus area.
Second, aquaculture management
1. Disinfect the sulcus. Before the seedlings are stocked for 10 to 15 days, taking the sulcus as the key point, per acre of paddy field is disinfected with 100 kg of quicklime.
2. Snails launch. From April to August, 150 to 200 kilograms of live snails were released per mu in the trench to reduce plankton biomass in the paddy fields and purify the water bodies. Live snails were soaked in 3% to 5% salt solution for 3 minutes and dropped into the field.
3. Seedling stocking. In the 15 days after transplanting, the stocking capacity per acre is robust, and the size is basically the same, and 400 to 600 seedlings with age above 2 (50~100 g) are preferred. If the breeder is breeding, 30 to 40 instars (600 grams or more) of relatives can be added per acre, and the male to female ratio is 2:1 or 3:2. In addition, a small amount of large-sized carp seedlings can be stocked to purify the water. Before stocking, the seedlings were soaked in 3% saline for 8 to 15 minutes, drained and put in water.
4. The feed is fed. According to the "four set" that is the qualitative, quantitative, timing, positioning principles feed bait. Choose high-quality food (protein content 40% to 60%), often with a certain percentage of fresh food, such as small fish, fresh white meat or animal viscera and other animal foods account for 10% to 30% of the total amount of bait, vegetables Vegetables, such as bran and cakes, accounted for 8% to 15% of the plant foods. The animal diets were cut into small pieces or labeled as meat, followed by feeding. From April to May, the daily feeding amount was about 2% to 5% of the weight of glutinous rice. From June to August, it was a vigorous growth period. The daily feeding amount was about 15% of glutinous rice. After September, the amount fed was 鳖. The weight is about 10%, which is fed once at 9 a.m. and 5-6 p.m., and the feeding amount is 70% in the afternoon. The bait is usually eaten within 1.5 to 2 hours, depending on the number of baits. When the water temperature dropped below 15°C, feeding was stopped.
5. Water quality management. Combined with the needs of different growth stages of rice and alfalfa, the water level should be appropriately increased or decreased, generally 10 to 15 cm deep, and maintained at a water level of 20 cm or more in the high temperature season. Between 15 days, 1 mu of lime water shall be sprinkled once per acre, and microbiological preparations shall be used to improve the water quality. At the same time, 20% new water shall be added.
6. Regular inspections. Check the anti-escape facilities, find damage, and promptly repair. Learn about food intake, growth, disease, and pond water quality. If dead cockroaches are found, they should be buried deep or incinerated immediately. The diseased cockroaches should be promptly isolated and treated. Timely removal of leftover bait, bio-corpses, and floating objects in the sulcus. Prevent rats, cats, jaundice and eagles from harming quail eggs and cubs.
7. Pest control. Common pests include viral hemorrhagic disease, white board disease, bacterial septicemia, putrefaction, acne disease, vitiligo, hydromycosis, parasitic diseases (fixed ciliates, blisters), and the like. Water quality management shall be strengthened in prevention and control, water shall be changed periodically, and water shall be used to control water quality with quicklime or microbial preparations; debris shall be promptly removed to prevent pollution of water quality and the bottom of the pool; and 100% potassium permanganate solution shall be used to disinfect the bait station and the culture tools; The rats were fed with rhubarb and Banlangen (1:1) baits once a month, the amount was 2% of the feed amount, and they were fed for 3 days.
Third, rice tube
1. Variety selection. Select a rice variety with strong disease resistance, long growth period, high plant height, lodging resistance, high yield and high quality.
2. Reasonably dense planting. Using the technique of "big ridges and double rows, sideline encryption", the time for planting seedlings and seedlings is basically the same as that of other rice fields, and the spacing of the rows is 1328 cm, which is convenient for the activities of the seedlings.
3. Scientific fertilization. The base fertilizer accounts for 70%-80% of the total fertilization, about 500-800 kg of organic fertilizer per mu, and 30-40 kg of rice-specific compound fertilizer. In the tillering and booting stages, top dressing should not be scattered in the trench. Fertilizers do not contain fertilizers containing ammonium nitrogen, such as ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride, and ammonium phosphate.
4. Use medication with caution. The use of sex traps or insecticide traps to kill pests, try not to use chemical pesticides.
Fourth, fishing
In mid-November, the fields will be drained, and the oysters hiding in the rice fields at night will automatically climb onto the silt and use light to capture and sell them for sale, or they will be transferred to greenhouses for cultivation.
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