Affected by late sowing and low temperature, this year the province's wheat seedlings are generally worse than in previous years. The seedlings of rapeseeds are worse than last year and close to normal years, especially late seeding, poor wheat seedlings, poor waterlogging, and hidden dangers such as waterlogging and grassland damage. More. After the “Spring Comes,†the temperature rises, and the wheat will return from the south to the north and go into the jointing stage. The rapeseed will also enter the bud stage, which is the critical period for the formation of the wheat oil crop and the development of the spring field management. Production needs to take corresponding field management measures based on the characteristics of the seedlings, to promote the transformation of the seedlings and upgrade, to seize the harvest of summer crops and oil crops.
1. Assaulting the ditch and gully to prevent the waterlogging from being eroded by the freezing and thawing of winter and spring and the erosion of rain and snow, which can easily cause collapse and siltation of the ditch in the field. In the spring, continuous rainy weather often occurs in Huainan area, which easily leads to water accumulation in the fields. The dredging and dredging should be started as soon as possible so that the “three channels†can be matched and the ditches can communicate with each other to ensure smooth drainage and dry weather, and prevent continuous spring and spring rains from causing stains. Harmfulness; Huaibei region must prepare for both drought and flooding, and timely conduct dry and rainy weather in order to do a good job in the drainage and dehumidification of low-lying fields, especially in rice and wheat fields.
2. Timely control and promotion of strong growth, prevention of lodging for plots with early sowing, large leaf ages, and excessive number of seedlings (the maximum number of stems expected to exceed the expected number of spikes per mu during the jointing stage) should be increased after returning green Before the holiday, the “cold-tail warmer†sprayed growth regulators such as uniconazole to control the basal internode length and improve the plant's resistance to freezing and lodging. In the earbreaking stage of wheat heading, the anti-felling agent can be sprayed to shorten the internode length under the ear, reduce the plant height and center of gravity, increase the lodging resistance of the plant, and increase the grain filling speed and grain weight.
3. Timely prevention of pests and weeds First spring chemical weeding. Grasp the "cold tail warmer" before the jointing of wheat, and when the average daily temperature is above 8 °C, grab the medicine and avoid using drugs within 2 days before and after the onset of the cold current. In wheat fields dominated by grasses and weeds, they are controlled with oxazoline, clodinafop-propargyl, and oxazolidine, and triclopyr is used in wheat fields such as broad-leaved weeds such as pigweed. And it is controlled with a mixture of 2 A and 4 chlorine; a wheat field mixed with grass weeds and broad-leaved weeds is mixed with flufluoxet and other drugs. The second is the prevention and treatment of sheath blight at the beginning of the jointing season of wheat. Diseased plants with a rate of 15% to 20% were promptly treated with Jinggangmycin, hexaconazole, and tebuconazole. The third is to actively control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum at the beginning of the flowering period. Applicable drugs are prochloraz, procymidone, sclerotia net, etc., 7 to 10 days after the drug once. The fourth is the prevention and control of panicle head diseases and pests mainly in heading stage of wheat. Wheat heading and flowering period to take the initiative to use drugs to prevent scab, cure powdery mildew, aphids and other pests and diseases.
4. Pu Shi heavy wheat jointing booting and rapeseed pumping fertilizer, increased grain weight gain one-time application of wheat jointing panicle fertilizer should be mastered in the inverted three leaf stage, pale faded leaves, peak seedlings decline, the basic first quarter between the basic When the length of the first and second internodes begins to elongate, the average Huainan area is in the middle and early March, and in the middle and late March in the Huaibei area, 4 to 6 kg of pure nitrogen, 2 to 3 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 3 parts of potassium oxide per mu. ~ 5 kg, compound fertilizer plus urea or special formula fertilizer is appropriate, generally 45% high-concentration compound fertilizer per acre 15 to 20 kg, urea 5 to 8 kg. Insufficient group of weak Miaotian appropriate early application, large groups of Wang Miaotian appropriate late. High-yielding demonstration plots and medium-strength wheat fields will be created. The saplings will be applied from 5 to 8 kg/mu of urea on the tip of the flag leaf to the breakage period; the weak gluten wheat base along the coast of the Yangtze River should follow the principle of “advance nitrogen controlâ€. The one-time application of joint fertilizer in the inverted three-leaf stage does not promote the application of panicle fertilizer to ensure the quality of weak gluten.
The spring rapeseed nitrogen fertilizer accounted for 30%-40% of the total nitrogen application in a lifetime, generally 10-15 kilograms of urea per acre; phosphorus and potash fertilizer accounted for about 50% of the total amount; generally, potassium oxide and phosphorus pentoxide were applied per acre. kg. For the normal rapeseed field of the first and second crops, it is possible to re-apply the stubble fertilizer when the rape is 5 to 8 centimeters high. Apply 30 kg of formula fertilizer and 5 kg of urea per mu. For weak seedlings or rapeseed fields that have fallen off by force, the spring fertilizer Lashi can be applied in advance in the late winter to promote manure and promote spring growth; it can also be applied in two separate applications. It can be used to promote the growth of green joint fertilizer in the late winter and promote the growth of urea per acre. 7.5 kilograms, apply once again when the beak is 25 centimeters high. Boron-depleted plots were sprayed with 0.1% to 0.2% boron fertilizer solution 50 kg per mu to prevent flowering. At the beginning of flowering stage, it combines the control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum to spray mixed fertilizer and fertilizer to promote the enlargement of pods.
5. Prevention and remediation of "cold winter" frost damage The province is prone to sudden and severe cold weather in spring. After wheat jointing, the temperature is -1 to -4°C, and lasts for 6 to 7 hours, which may cause wheat ears to freeze or become frozen. Abnormal ear, need to plan in advance, timely remedy. After 2 days or 3 days after the “cold spring†low temperature, the young crops were field-stripped to the extent of young panicles in the field, and the fast-recovery fertilizer was promptly added to the wheat field with the main stem and large shoots with a young panicle deadweight exceeding 10%. The general freezing mortality rate was 10 Percentage of ～30% of wheat field applies 5 kg of urea per acre, and wheat with a chilling mortality rate of more than 30% increases urea by 2 to 3 kg per acre, but does not exceed 15 kg, in order to shake the birth and postnatal height. One bite into a spike. In the case of a rape field that is cold and frost-chilling, it can apply urea 5 to 7.5 kg per acre as appropriate.
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