What are the requirements for phosphorus in autumn crops? Phosphate fertilizer effect and mixing precautions

Phosphate fertilizer is a fertilizer with phosphorus as the main nutrient. The full name of phosphorus fertilizer. The size (significant degree) and speed of phosphate fertilizer are determined by the effective phosphorus pentoxide content, soil properties, fertilization methods, crop types, etc. in phosphate fertilizer. The size and speed of fertilizer efficiency are determined by the effective phosphorus pentoxide content, soil properties, fertilizer release methods, and crop types. The autumn is getting stronger, and the locals are also launching a new year's autumn broadcast work. Fertilization is a very important process. In the process of fertilization, people often choose phosphate fertilizer. What are the effects of phosphate fertilizer in autumn? Let me introduce it to you.

Autumn sowing more phosphorus crops

For example, in the crops of the leguminous family, there are broad beans, peas, etc., and the rapeseed and radish vegetables in the cruciferous family are sensitive to the phosphate fertilizer reaction and require a large amount. The addition of phosphate fertilizer during autumn sowing can meet the demand for phosphorus in the critical stage of phosphorus demand, and it is very close to promote the relationship between early maturity, high quality and high yield, especially in the soil that causes phosphorus deficiency to become a production limiting factor. In the middle application, the yield can be greatly increased.

According to the experiment of the agricultural technology department, the application of phosphate fertilizer in the phosphorus-deficient soil increased the average yield of rapeseed by 44.5 kg, which increased by 23.1 kg compared with the control; the yield of green manure legumes increased by more than 50%. The roots of the phosphorus-producing crops are developed, and the ability to absorb phosphorus is strong. The utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer applied in the current season is generally increased by about 10% compared with other crops. Therefore, the application of phosphate fertilizer should be emphasized for the phosphorus-producing crops in order to give full play to the biological fertilizer efficiency of the phosphate fertilizer and promote crop growth.

Autumn crops are mostly dry crops

Under dry farming conditions, the effectiveness of phosphorus is low. After entering the winter, the microbial activity in the soil is weak, the phosphorus capacity is small, the rate is slow, and the strength is low. Moreover, under dry farming conditions, the soil moisture tension is large, the phosphate flow and diffusion force are reduced, the phosphorus displacement is small, and the effectiveness is lower than that of rice under water conditions. 3 times.

In addition, some dry crops such as wheat crops are originally poorly responding to phosphorus, while large and wheat require more phosphorus during the regreening and tillering stages. Therefore, the sowing season of wheat crops emphasizes phosphorus application to meet the demand for phosphorus in the critical period. Phosphate fertilizer is applied during the dry seasoning of dry farming, which has a significant effect on root promotion, growth and seedling growth of crops. This is determined by the location of the phosphate fertilizer.

Strong ability to fix phosphorus in dry soil

After the dry land or water is changed to drought, the soil permeability is improved, the pH value is decreased, and the oxidation-reduction potential is increased. The stored phosphorus in the soil is increased, and the effectiveness of phosphorus is greatly reduced. This is mainly due to the formation of insoluble iron phosphate and aluminum in the iron oxide film under dry conditions. Therefore, dryland should give priority to phosphorus application than paddy fields. After re-cultivation of rice, due to the change of soil physical and chemical properties, the aftereffect of phosphate fertilizer accounts for 75%-90% of the applied phosphorus, which is determined by the chemical fertilizer efficiency of phosphate fertilizer.

From the point of view of improving the resistance of autumn-sown crops, after the sowing of autumn-sown crops, under the harsh conditions of harsh winter rain and low temperature, the crops are susceptible to drought and freezing, and the application of phosphate fertilizer can improve autumn. The hydration and adhesion of the cell protoplasts during the wintering period of the crops reduce the freezing point, thereby improving the cold tolerance and drought tolerance of the crops, and is conducive to the safe wintering of autumn-sown crops in winter.

In addition, the winter green fertilizer for autumn planting emphasizes the application of phosphate fertilizer. Not only the legume green manure itself is a phosphorus-producing crop, but also the application of phosphate fertilizer to enhance the photosynthesis of plants, produce more carbohydrates, promote the luxuriance of stems and leaves, accumulate more substances, and The rhizobium is supplied for growth and reproduction, and its nitrogen fixation is enhanced. Therefore, when sowing green manure, it is emphasized that the application of phosphate fertilizer is not only beneficial to cultivating strong seedlings, but also improving winter cold resistance, laying a solid foundation for green manure growth and increasing fresh grass yield next year. It is often said that phosphorus is used to increase nitrogen.

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Honeysuckle is a very versatile medicine. For friends who plant honeysuckle, fertilization is a key procedure. How does the honeysuckle apply phosphate fertilizer? Let's talk about the application of phosphate fertilizer technology to honeysuckle.

Fertilization can affect soil environmental conditions, promote or inhibit secondary metabolism in honeysuckle, thereby increasing the effective content of medicinal materials; fertilization can improve the resistance of honeysuckle and reduce pests and diseases;

Artificially cultivated honeysuckle becomes the main source of honeysuckle herbs. Fertilization is one of the important means to increase the yield of honeysuckle. However, fertilization promotes growth and development and increases yield. It also has a great impact on soil conditions. When soil environmental conditions change, the secondary metabolism of honeysuckle is promoted. Or inhibit.

The perennial medicinal materials harvested by honeysuckle every year have little difference in nutrient characteristics during the year, but the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be balanced in the pre-growth period to promote flowering and fruit quality and improve product quality. The annual fertilization management is appropriate for spring. Increase the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, increase the amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in summer, and apply soil fertilizer in autumn and winter to cultivate soil and improve soil structure.

Nitrogen application can promote the growth of honeysuckle and make its leaves dark green. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can promote the flower bud differentiation of honeysuckle. The order is nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are the most important mineral elements for plant growth and development. Fertilization in honeysuckle production is also mainly to meet the needs of these three nutrients.

The role of nitrogen fertilizer application: promote long leaves, long seedlings, long roots and flowering. Studies have shown that nitrogen application can effectively increase the yield of honeysuckle;

However, nitrogen application had a significant negative effect on the content of chlorogenic acid in honeysuckle. Excessive application of nitrogen or improper proportioning would reduce the content of chlorogenic acid in honeysuckle.

Phosphate application can promote the growth of honeysuckle roots, increase the nutrient range and improve drought resistance; application of phosphate fertilizer increases the content of chlorogenic acid in honeysuckle. Therefore, in the production of honeysuckle, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied at the same time, and appropriate application of phosphate fertilizer can ensure the yield and quality of the medicinal material.

Recommended reading: How to fertilize honeysuckle? The important role of phosphate fertilizer on honeysuckle

Related reading: Phosphate deficiency syndrome and mixed use precautions

When the crop is deficient in phosphorus, it grows slowly, is short, thin, erect, and has few branches. The leaf is easy to fall off; the color is generally dark green or gray-green, the leaf margin and petiole often appear purple-red; the root system is poorly developed, the maturity is delayed, and the yield and quality are reduced. The symptoms of phosphorus deficiency generally start from the old leaves of the stem base and gradually develop upward. The symptoms of phosphorus deficiency in major crops are as follows.

Wheat: The plants are small and thin, with less tillering, dark green leaves and purple, especially purple on the sheath. Symptoms develop from the tip to the base, from the old leaves to the young leaves, and the cold resistance is poor.
Corn: Starting from the seedlings, the leaf tip develops along the leaf edge to the leaf sheath, showing a dark green with purple-red color, gradually expanding to the whole leaf, and the symptoms turn from the lower leaf to the upper leaf, the base to the whole plant purple, and the severe phosphorus-deficient leaves The tip of the leaf began to wither and brown, the silking was delayed, the development of the ear was incomplete, the bending was deformed, and the ear was poorly grained.
Potato: The plant is small and small. When it is severe, the top stops growing. The leaves, petioles and leaflets are somewhat shrunk. The lower leaves are rolled upwards, the leaves are scorched, the old leaves fall off in advance, and the tubers sometimes produce some rust brown spots.
Rice: The plants are small and small, without dividing or licking, the leaves are erect, narrow and dark, and the color is dark green. In severe cases, the rice groves are tight, the leaves are longitudinally constricted, have reddish-brown spots, and the growth period is prolonged.
Soybean: The plants are small and thin, the leaves are dark green, the leaves are narrow and pointed, and they stand upright. After flowering, the leaves appear brown spots and the grains are small. When the phosphorus is severely deficient, the stems and leaves become dark red.
Peanut: The old leaves are dark green to blue-green, and then turn yellow and fall off, and the base of the stem is red.
Cotton: Plants are short, old, with dark leaves, thin stems and red base. The fruit branches are small, the leaves are small, the leaf margins and petioles often appear purple-red, the roots are poorly developed, the maturity is delayed, the buds are easy to fall off, and the yield and quality are decreased.
Rapeseed: The plant is small and the leaves are late, the upper leaves are dark green, the base leaves are purple-red or dark purple, and sometimes purple spots or plaques appear on the edges of the leaves, which are susceptible to freezing damage. Branches are small, delaying flowering and maturity.
Tobacco: The whole plant is clustered, the leaves are narrow, the color is dark, the erect, the old leaves have necrotic spots, and become brown after drying. The smoked leaves are dark and dull.
Tomato: The early leaves showed purple-red on the back, and some small spots appeared in the veins, which then spread to the whole leaf, and the veins and petioles finally turned purple. The stem is slender, rich in fiber, small in leaves, and the coils appear in the later stage, and the fruiting is delayed.
Cucumber: The plant is dwarfed. When it is severe, the young leaves are small and stiff, and they are dark green. The cotyledons and old leaves have large water-stained spots, which spread to the young leaves. The plaques gradually become brown and dry, and the leaves are wilted.
Onion: Phosphorus deficiency is mostly manifested in the late growth stage. Generally, the growth is slow, the tip of the old leaf is dry and dead, and sometimes the leaves show greenish yellow and brownish spots.
Apple: The leaves are small, with bronze dark green to purple, less hair branches, few leaves, and small fruit.
Peach: The leaves turn dark green to bronze, or develop into purple; one is narrower than the old leaves, and the outer leaves are curled outward; early leaves, leaves are scarce.

Zinc fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer

When zinc Zn Zn fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are mixed together, zinc phosphate which is not easily dissolved in water is formed. The roots of crops are difficult to absorb and utilize. Therefore, when applying zinc sulfate, it is necessary to avoid contact with phosphate fertilizers such as superphosphate, heavy superphosphate, diammonium phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and it is not possible to mix them together.

With zinc sulphate as the base fertilizer application, zinc sulphate and farmyard manure can be uniformly mixed and applied, and phosphate fertilizer can be applied at the time of sowing. It is also possible to uniformly apply the phosphate fertilizer to the farmyard manure as a base fertilizer, and then apply zinc sulfate when planting. This creates a barrier between the zinc fertilizer and the phosphate fertilizer to prevent them from coming into contact with each other.

When sowing corn, zinc sulphate is used as seed dressing fertilizer. It is best to use phosphate fertilizer in farmyard manure as base fertilizer to prevent zinc fertilizer from contacting with phosphate fertilizer. When the corn seedling stage is sprayed with an aqueous solution of zinc sulphate to control "flower white seedlings", it cannot be mixed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate or calcium perphosphate leaching solution.

The application of zinc sulphate in rice, whether it is base application, spraying, or field application of fine soil, should also avoid contact with phosphate fertilizer when fertilizing. (Yuege Fertilizer Network Comprehensive Finishing)

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