With the continuous development of agricultural technology, the three-dimensional planting mode has been sought after by farmers in recent years, and the three-dimensional planting modes applicable to different planting types are also different. The following small series will tell you about the application of several three-dimensional planting modes and cultivation techniques in practice.
1 Three-dimensional planting mode of vegetables, fruits and grains
1.1 Stereo planting mode
It is divided into a planting zone every 200 cm, and it is planted in high and low ridges with a ridge height of 15 cm and a width of 100 cm. Wheat is grown in low ridges in early October each year, and winter vegetables are grown in a place with a line spacing of 20 cm and high ridges.
In the middle of March of the next year, the watermelon seedlings will be cultivated; after the wintering vegetables are harvested in late April, one row of watermelons will be planted, each planting 40 cm apart; after the wheat harvest in early June, 2 rows of corn will be planted, and the plant spacing will be controlled at 35-40 cm; August After the watermelon was picked up in the first ten days, 2 rows of Chinese cabbage were planted.
1.2 Cultivation techniques
In the autumn, the land should be ploughed, pay attention to the type and quantity of fertilization per square meter and the comprehensiveness of the fertilizer; the wheat should adopt the conventional high-yield cultivation techniques and be managed accordingly; the spinach should pay attention to the application when pouring back the green water. A small amount of urea; the type and quantity of watermelon each time are different, pay attention to the difference; corn should be managed in the trumpet period, as well as the fertilizer and water management of cabbage seedling stage, rosette stage and ball stage.
2 Onion, spinach, lettuce, corn three-dimensional planting mode
.2.1 Stereo planting mode
The average is divided into one planting zone per 160 cm, with a low ridge width of 100 cm, a high ridge width of 60 cm and a ridge height of 15 to 18 cm. Onions are planted in late September each year. After 50 to 60 days, the true leaves are planted into low ridges with a line spacing of 25 cm and a plant spacing of 15 cm. In late September, spinach is sown on high ridges and harvested after the Spring Festival. Lettuce seedlings were transplanted to high ridges in March, with a plant spacing of 30 cm and harvested in late May; corn was planted 2 rows on high ridges in a pattern of 40 cm spacing and 30 cm spacing.
2.2 Cultivation techniques
Before the crop is planted, the land needs to be ploughed and fertilized to make high and low sorghum; when the onion is planted, the mulch film should be covered, pay attention to the time and dosage of watering and spraying; when the size of the lettuce ball is normal, the fertilizer and water management should be given to promote the leaf ball. Growth; corn should pay attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases and the management of fertilizer and water during the trumpet period.
3 Three-dimensional planting mode of watermelon, yam and celery
3.1 Three-dimensional planting mode
The yam ditch was dug in the early spring, with a width of 80 cm and a depth of 100 cm and a groove distance of 120 cm. In the middle and late March, a row of watermelons was planted in the ditch, with a plant spacing of 30 cm. In the middle of April, 2 rows of yam were planted on the ditch, with a row spacing of 40 cm and a plant spacing of 30 cm. Pay attention to balance and allow for error; June After the watermelon harvest in the middle, 5 rows of celery were planted with a line spacing of 25 cm and a plant spacing of 20 cm.
3.2 Cultivation techniques
It should be noted that after mixing the soil of the yam and fertilizer, it is necessary to carry out backfilling, and pay attention to the amount and period of application of different fertilizers. Watermelon nursery seedlings are used in the middle of February, and the whole watermelon branch uses 3 vine method. When the young fruit grows to a certain extent, it is necessary to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water. After the watermelon head is formed, stop watering and fertilization; when the yam seedlings grow When the height is 30 cm, it is necessary to support the vines in time; when the celery leaves begin to grow upright, the fertilizer and water are managed, and the mixture of gibberellin and urea is sprayed on the leaves in a timely manner.
4 onion, lettuce, tomato three-dimensional planting mode
4.1 Stereo planting mode
The average is divided into a planting zone every 150 cm, with a low squat width of 80 cm, a sorghum width of 70 cm and a squat height of 15 cm. Onion seedlings are cultivated in early September each year, and 4 rows are planted in low-lying areas in mid-November, with a row spacing of 20 cm and a plant spacing of 15 cm. In the middle of February of the next year, the lettuce seedlings were cultivated in Yangshuo, and were planted on sorghum with mulching film in the middle and late March. Each row was 3 rows, the row spacing was controlled at 25 cm, the plant spacing was controlled at 20 cm, and the tomato was at Seedling cultivation is carried out in late April each year. After the lettuce is harvested in early June, 2 rows are planted on sorghum with a row spacing of 40 cm and a plant spacing of 30 cm.
4.2 Cultivation Techniques
The onion is covered with mulch at a plant height of 30 cm and 3 to 4 leaves; lettuce is mixed with onion after the onion is returned to the green water after the first fertilizer management, and the seedlings are subsequently planted. When the onion bulbs begin to expand, the lettuce is cooked. Also start the ball, at this time to do the fertilizer and water supply two-pronged; after the tomato slow seedlings, pour a slow seedling water, when the flowering, use the anti-falling flower to facilitate the fruit setting, the first ear can not be poured before sitting More water, and after watering, pay attention to proper fertilization of the land, and then use the single dry pruning method to remove the side branches in time.
5 Autumn greenhouse delays watermelon, lettuce and celery three-dimensional planting mode
5.1 Stereo planting mode
The average is divided into one belt per 140 cm, with a height of 60 cm and a width of 80 cm. Watermelon is planted on sorghum in the middle of August each year, maintaining a row spacing of 40 cm and a plant spacing of 30 cm. Lettuce is planted in low sorghum in mid-November every year, and the plant spacing is 15 cm after the seedlings; Celery seedlings, 4 rows per plant, the plant and row spacing are controlled at 20 cm.
5.2 Cultivation techniques
Watermelon is selected from small or special small varieties. When the vine grows to 30 cm long, the second or third female flower melon is selected. After sitting the melon, the water is poured 2 to 3 times, and at the same time, on the leaf surface. Spray the appropriate concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution; lettuce can be harvested when the plant grows to 25 cm; when the celery is up to 20 cm, the new leaves are treated with fertilizer and water, and gibberellin is sprayed twice to promote growth. When the plant grows to 35 cm, it can be harvested and marketed.
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