The capsule is a dried ripe fruit of the wolfberry plant. With Xiehuo Chufan, heat diuretic, cooling blood detoxification function. External use of governance sprains, bruises, swelling and pain. The capsule is also an important raw material for the extraction of edible yellow pigment. The yellow pigment of the capsule is a natural food pigment and natural dye with bright color, strong coloring power, light and heat resistance, no odor and no precipitation, and high safety. The current demand for processing is large, resulting in a firm and stable price. Mainly produced in Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Fujian and other provinces. 1 Morphological characteristics The scorpion is an evergreen shrub with a height of up to 2m, usually about 1m high. Leaves opposite or 3 impellers, bright grass, oblong or obovate, entire, petiole short; stipules sheath, membranous. Flowers solitary on branches or leaves, aromatic. Petal lobes spirally arranged, with a saucer at flowering, 5- to 6-lobed, initially white, later milky-yellow, calyx tube inverted conic, angular, lobe linear. Fruit oval, yellow, winged longitudinal edges 5 to 8, most of the seeds. Flowering from May to July, fruiting period from August to November. 2 Growth habits Scorpions are suitable for growing conditions with sufficient light, warm and moist soil and deep fertile soil. Above -5°C, all can safely pass through winter, 20～25°C is most suitable. Slow growth above 30°C. In late March, new shoots began to sprout between leaves and loquats, and part of the old leaves also fell off at this time. There were three distinct tailing stages in the spring, summer, and autumn within one year. After flowering, there was a falling flower and fruit falling process. Seeds are easy to germinate, germination temperature is 25 ~ 30 °C, germination rate can reach 95% or more, seed life is 1 to 2 years. 3 Cultivation Techniques 3.1 The selection of soil and soil preparation sites should be done in the foothills of the southeast or half of the hilly land. The soil is loose and fertile, and the sandy loam with good ventilation and ventilation is suitable. It is flat, and it is a seedbed with a width of 1 to 1.2m and a height of about 20cm. 2 Planting sites should be chosen to face south or southeast, and the best near large bodies of water. Need to be selected for deep plowing layer, fertile soil, loose soil, irrigation and drainage of alluvial soil, brown soil and gravel soil cultivation. Heavy clay and heavy salt alkaline earth should not be planted. After the election, it should be deep-frozen before winter to make it frozen. From March to April, planting strong seedlings (single plant colonization), the general plant spacing 1 ~ 1.52m, 200 ~ 300 acres planted. Before the forest, peanuts, fat or herbs can be planted. 3.2 Propagation can be propagated in three ways: seeds, cuttings and ramets. The number of seedlings propagated by seeds is large, growth potential is strong after being grown, and the number of diseases and insect pests is small; cuttings and ramets are vegetative, easy to maintain seedlings, fast seedlings, and put into production early; recently, they are also useful for grafting and breeding. 3.2.1 Seed propagation can be planted in spring and autumn. Spring sowing is better. Spring sowing is mostly from late February to early March, and autumn sowing is from late September to October. Cut the selected medlar fruit, remove the seeds and soak for 12h in fresh water, remove the submerged seeds, and dry them until they are half dry. Before sowing, the seedbeds were topped with human urine as the base fertilizer. After the leveling, the shallow ditch with a spacing of 25 cm and a depth of 2 cm was used to evenly sow the seeds. Covering the 1–2 cm thick plant ash and the nutrient soils with phosphorus fertilizers, slightly suppressed. Then cover a thin layer of straw to keep the soil moist and use 2 to 3 kg per acre. After the seedlings are unearthed, the coverings are removed and the seedbeds are kept moist. The weeds are removed timely, top dressing 2 to 3 times, seedlings in batches in batches, and the spacing of the plants is maintained at 10 to 15 cm. 3.2.2 Cutting propagation is generally carried out from late February to April, or from late September to late October. Select good, robust shoots with 2–3 years of growth, and cut 18–20 cm cuttings. Press on the sorghum. Row spacing 20 ~ 30cm, spacing about 10cm cuttings. When cuttings, branches should be slightly tilted on the seedbed, about 2/3 of the soil, leaving a bud on the top to expose the soil surface. Always water after inserting to keep bed wood moist. 3.2.3 The ramets are planted in spring or autumn. Select good and robust strains, open up the topsoil, dig out the young plants from the joints of the mother plants, and then plant them separately to apply the castable water to promote its survival. Single rod planting is now used. This method is not used much. 3.3 Field Management 3.3.1 After cultivating and weeding, the cultivating and weeding are especially strengthened, and the cultivating and weeding are carried out more than twice a year. The cultivating and weeding should be shallow, and in winter, the soil is used for frost protection and moisturizing. 3.3.2 Pruning The pruning technique usually uses the trunk three-branched natural round-headed shaping method. One year after planting, the buds should be pruned and all the buds below about 30 cm in diameter should be wiped off to ensure that the tree-shaped small tree is ligninized. Summer topping shoots on summer shoots, with no fruit tree trimming. In winter, the dense branches, thin and weak branches, disease and insect branches were trimmed and the tree shape was trimmed. Develop a multi-headed, inner-spaced, circular, and distinct tree crown. 3.3.3 Dressing fertilizer 1 Spring shoot fertilizer, at the end of March and early April, applying urea 3 to 4 kg per acre laid a foundation for flowering. 2 strong fruit fertilizer, in the late June after the flower Xie, deep application of compound fertilizer 4 ~ 6kg grams, the application of nitrogen fertilizer, to prevent excessive summer hair shoots, resulting in the rapid upward shift of the results. 3 Flower bud differentiation fertilizer, applied before and after the beginning of autumn, Mushi urea 6 ~ 7kg with fecal urine water 200kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5kg, acupuncture points, apply this fertilizer is the key to increase production in the coming year. 4 Basal fertilizer, also known as wax fertilizer, is used after harvesting fruit and is used in 1000-1500kg of Mushi farmyard fertilizer, plus 30-35kg of phosphate fertilizer. 3.4 Pest Control 3.4.1 Brown spot and ulcer disease are common diseases of leaves and fruit. Control methods: 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000-fold or 65% zinc-zinc 800-fold solution was sprayed before the onset of disease in late May and early August respectively, every 15 days, for 2 to 3 consecutive times. 3.4.2 Green-winged butterflies and coffee-winged hawk moths are endangered from early May to December. Control methods: focus on flowering in late May and young fruit in early July. It can be sprayed with 2.5% Kung Fu EC 2000 times and 2.5% deltamethrin 2000 times. Nowadays, the use of biological pesticides such as Avermella is advocated. 2000 times liquid, strong enemy 312 (500 times liquid) and so on. 3.4.3 Turtle wax moth is a local hazard that is heavy. From June to July, when the nymphs appear in large quantities, they inhabit the leaves and shoots and inhale. From June to July, the first generation of eggs hatched during the prosperous period of use, can be used 25% Youle WP 1000 times, 40% speed cull EC 1000 times, conventional spray, the focus is on the crown and the opposite side of the leaves. 3.4.4 Seed-retaining techniques Seed propagation after 3 to 4 a can result in flowering, and 2 to 3 a of cutting propagation results. In the nursery period, nurseries and nurses are used to make plastics. After large seedlings are planted with soil, 1 to 2 years can be flowered and put into production. When planting seedlings, plants with strong growth vigor, age at the end of their development, and plants free from pests and diseases should be selected as the parent plants for planting, paying attention to thinning and fruit thinning, and strengthening field management. When the fruit is ripe, choose fruits that are full, red, thin, and free from pests. Dry to a half-dried season. Peel the fruit. Remove the seeds. Put the water in the water. Collect the full seeds that sink in the bottom of the water. Let it dry and put it in a cloth bag.
Vegetarians Size 3 Empty Capsule
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