At present, when the winter is high, the grape is in a dormant period. At this time, grasping the winter management of the grape has a decisive role in increasing the tree vigor, increasing the yield, improving the quality, and reducing the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. Concrete winter pipe should grasp the following points: 1, winter turn. Turning around the grape plants can change the physical and chemical properties of the soil, remove weeds, eliminate the following pests, expand the tree disk, and play a role in fertility. The winter turn requires that the inner pouring be deep and deep, and the place around the main pole should be overturned, and the outer periphery of the tree plate can be deep-turned so as not to injure or lessen the lateral root system. 2, suede. The upper part of the perennial grape main stem often has cracked bark, which is a parasitic field that potentially hides various diseases and insects from wintering. In the midst of the cold winter, we knocked out the bark and destroyed the disease and insect nests. The wood chips and bark under the armpit must be burned centrally to reduce the number of pests and diseases in the coming year. 3, spraying. Remove the main stem of the skin and apply the main rod of stone sulfur to kill the remaining body in the main rod and insect body. The main and lateral branches of the main stem are sprayed with a lime sulfur mixture of 3 to 5 degrees by Baume to reduce the incidence of grapes during production. 4, winter cut. According to the tree to be cultivated, the pruning of the layers is performed. (1) Main lateral branch trim. Select the main and lateral branches at an interval of 50 to 60 centimeters. Cut the dense branches, branches and branches, immature branches, and overlapping branches. If the branches are too long, they must be trimmed to make the main and lateral branches evenly distributed on the plane. . (2) Result mother branch trim. The trimming length of the annual branches is different depending on their dominant bud position, growth potential, and thickness of the shoots. The dominant buds are between the third and seventh buds, leaving 8 to 10 buds trimmed, and the shoot growth potential. Not strong, can leave 10 buds, strong growth branches, leaving 2 to 7 buds, cut strength branches with a thickness of 1 cm or more, leave 8 to 10 buds, cut to a thickness of 0.7 to 1 cm Zigzag branches are often trimmed with mid-tips, leaving 4 to 7 buds, and 2 to 4 buds with a nick size of 0.6 cm or less. (3) the result of the mother branch. Chengyuan grapes generally control the yield per mu between 1,250 and 1,500 kilograms. The vineyards with a density of 300 plants per acre have an output of 8 to 10 kilograms per plant. Each plant measures 400 to 500 grams of individual panicles. Each plant should produce 18 to 20 spikes. , Usually each result mother branch results 1 to 2 spikes, leaving 10 to 15 mother trees per plant is more appropriate. 5, top dressing. If there is no basal-fertilizer vineyard in autumn, the basal fertilizer should be applied early after the soil is thawed. The fertilization amount is about 85% of the annual fertilization amount, and the fertilizer is mainly farmyard manure. The basal-fermented grapes were applied in the autumn, and the manure, urea, and Other fertilizers were promptly applied after germination. 6, irrigation. Water 1 or 2 times before and after germination to promote grape growth.
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