Medical robots are a new cross-disciplinary field that integrates medicine, biomechanics, mechanics, mechanics, materials science, computer graphics, computer vision, artificial intelligence, mathematical analysis, robotics, etc., mainly for the treatment of wounded and sick patients. , rescue, transshipment and rehabilitation. According to the use, medical robots can be roughly divided into surgical robots, rehabilitation robots, nursing robots, rescue robots, and transfer robots.
This paper mainly analyzes medical rehabilitation robots, and medical rehabilitation robots can be divided into four categories: functional replacement, functional assistance, functional recovery, functional recovery and auxiliary composite, and each segment of medical rehabilitation robots has Different types of rehabilitation robots have different functions and shapes.
According to the analysis of authoritative organizations, the global medical rehabilitation robot market will grow from US$220 million in 2014 to US$3.2 billion in 2021. The expected compound annual growth rate is 46.6%.
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At present, the total market capacity of China's rehabilitation market (including civil affairs system, disabled link system, and rehabilitation product store) is 400 billion. The price of medical rehabilitation robots is 1 million yuan -- 5 million sets / set. It is estimated that the market capacity of medical rehabilitation robots in China is about 10 billion.
Market demand for medical rehabilitation robots in China: elderly, accident patients and children with intellectual disabilities
By the end of 2014, there were 6,914 rehabilitation institutions across the country, and 2,181 rehabilitation services for physical disabilities were carried out. A total of 367,000 physically disabled people were rehabilitated throughout the country, and the total number of disabled persons in China was 85.02 million, with a total of 24.72 million physical disabilities. . Therefore, there is a huge gap in the supply of rehabilitation equipment and clinical needs.
At present, more than half of hospitalized patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, tumors, and limb fractures in tertiary hospitals need rehabilitation treatment, but they are often left in tertiary hospitals due to poor export, which is not conducive to patients receiving professional rehabilitation training. Taking Anzhen Hospital and Tiantan Hospital as an example, the annual rehabilitation needs of coronary heart disease in Anzhen Hospital are large. The hospital supports 11,000 people per year and 4,000 bridges. Among them, more than 6,000 people in Beijing need postoperative rehabilitation. The department is discharged from 17,000-18,000 people every year, and 40%-50% need to recover.
55% of the elderly over the age of 60 suffer from physical disability, which is mainly caused by osteoarthrosis, spinal cord injury and cerebrovascular disease. The joint and joint diseases, pain and dysfunction can lead to walking ability, labor loss, and even Disabling.
Spinal cord injury is mainly caused by traffic accidents. Lighter people can weaken the walking ability of the injured person.
Cerebrovascular disease is a common disease of nervous system diseases, and most of them are stroke patients. Stroke is one of the top three diseases with the highest mortality rate, and 85% of stroke patients have lateral motor dysfunction. According to the statistics of authoritative organizations, there are more than 2 million new cases of cerebral blood diseases in China every year.
The huge base of physical disability and the trend of aging make a huge gap in the demand for rehabilitation equipment supply and rehabilitation in China. First, the number of hospital rehabilitation medicine departments, rehabilitation doctors, bed numbers, venues can not meet the needs of patients. According to the data of the Health Planning Commission, as of the end of May 2015, there were 26,000 hospitals nationwide, of which 8,973 were hospitals above the second level. The state required all general hospitals above the second level to build rehabilitation medicine. By the end of 2012, there was actually rehabilitation. There are 3,288 general hospitals in the department, which are far from the requirements. The author Wang Qiang passed the market survey and took Wuhan as an example. Even if the top three hospitals set up a rehabilitation department, the number of beds is about 70. Due to too many patients, the hospital often has extra beds in the corridor. Because the venue is too small, some hospital rehabilitation equipment can only Placed in the hospital corridor, most of the rehabilitation departments of the top three hospitals have plans to expand the rehabilitation department.
Second, the supply of rehabilitation departments, lack of rehabilitation equipment supply and rehabilitation training services,
Third, the hospital pays less attention to it, and the economic income created by the rehabilitation department is low.
Traditional manual or simple medical equipment has been unable to meet the patient's rehabilitation needs, which has also increased the demand for medical rehabilitation robots. Rehabilitation robots can reduce the number of people accompanying, and more effectively through the game, "easy, happy" to help patients achieve rehabilitation. The author Wang Qiang believes that more importantly: patients, the elderly, and young children, the so-called "old, weak, sick and disabled", the demand for medical rehabilitation robots is rigid, and this market demand will continue to rise in the future.
National macro-policy supports medical rehabilitation robots: medical treatment for disabled people is included in medical insurance
On July 20, 2015, the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council issued the “Regulations on Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation for Persons with Disabilities (Draft) (Draft for Comment), which contains three aspects: disability prevention, rehabilitation of disabled persons and safeguard measures. The opinion draft clearly stipulates that governments at all levels should include the disabled in the coverage of basic medical insurance to pay for medical expenses, and those who cannot pay through basic medical insurance are required to provide medical assistance according to regulations. Special disability groups such as children with disabilities such as sight and hearing from 0 to 6 years old will receive free surgery, assistive device configuration and rehabilitation training services; the state will raise funds for rehabilitation of disabled people through multiple channels to encourage and guide social forces to help through charitable donations. Disabled people receive rehabilitation services.
The Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission issued the "Opinions" in June 2015 to deploy intelligent robot technology innovation and results transformation, which required breakthroughs in the technical bottlenecks of service robots, especially medical health service robots, so that related technologies reached the international advanced level. At that time, robotics will focus on breaking through key technologies such as bionic materials, intelligent human-computer interaction, and multi-pattern recognition. Surgical robots, rehabilitation robots, and auxiliary robots will be greatly advanced in clinical application technology research.
The National 13th Five-Year Plan puts forward the development principles of market-oriented, quality-first, strengthening foundation and innovation-driven development, and demonstrates the application in key areas such as helping the elderly, helping the disabled, consumer services, and medical fields, and developing core components. Key work such as tackling key, cutting-edge common technology research and development, and medical rehabilitation robot application.
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