The United States Department of Energy’s Joint Genome Research Institute completed the task of the Human Genome Project and the analysis of chromosome 16 for 16 years. The researchers published the results of these studies on Nature, December 23, 2004. JGI was one of the first five centers for sequencing the human genome. It carried out the sequencing of chromosomes 5, 16 and 19. This article in Nature examines the 78.8 million base pairs on chromosome 16, which consist of 880 genes—including genes associated with breast and prostate cancer, Crohn's disease, and polycystic kidney disease. The researchers at JGI identified regions where large fragment amplification occurred on chromosome 16 (segmental duplication, which refers to the amplifying transfer of one complete large fragment of a genome to another). They compared these human sequences with those stored in other vertebrate genomes, including chimpanzees, dogs, mice, rats, chicks, and puffer fish. The researchers wanted to find out what happened since the last common ancestor, from 400 million years ago to 5 million years ago. Chromosome 16 is where the DNA repair gene is located. The results of chromosome 16 analysis will also have important implications for the detoxification and transport of heavy metals.
FOSHAN PHARMA CO., LTD. , https://www.fspharmamedicine.com