Hechuan City, Chongqing Agricultural Technology Department, in the grain and oil planting technology developed in the sesame high yield cultivation techniques, the main points are as follows, for peer reference 1, sowing time: in Chongqing area, with the end of April to mid-May is appropriate, the latest No more than early June. 2. Fertilization for soil preparation: Before planting land, use 35% compound fertilizer 25-35 kg + 30 kg of superphosphate or BB fertilizer 15-20 kg + 30 kg of superphosphate to spread evenly, excavate and saturate immediately, integrate soil and fertilizer, Fine leveling of soil surface, in case of soil drought, the water in the coop was soaked in the 1:5 clean pig manure. 3, sowing techniques: (1) sowing before sowing for 1 day, improve vitality; (2) 0.1-0.3% carbendazim seed dressing; (3) sesame seeds are fine, for uniform seeding, sowing and mixing ash or vegetable wet fine Soil; (4) 500 grams of seed for direct seeding, and 12-16 thousand seedlings for emergence; (5) 100 grams for seedlings to be transplanted and 2-30000 seedlings to be planted; (6) Net spacing of 40 centimeters, nesting distance of 20-25 centimeters, and acres broadcasted. 6000-8000 nests; (7) The sowing depth does not exceed 3 cm; (8) Appropriate repression after sowing, connect the capillary tube; (9) Cover the nest with wheat kernels after sowing. 4, field management: (1) Dingling seedlings: 1-2 pairs of true leaves when the first time the seedlings; 2-3 pairs of real leaves when the second time the seedlings; 3-4 pairs of real leaves when the Dingmiao, between the nest Dingmiao 1:2: 1:2, 1.5 flats, 0.9-1.2 million mu of seedlings. (2) Intertillage and weed control: In principle, plough up the sunny cultivator once every medium to heavy rain, keep the forest surface loose and not see weeds (be careful not to use chemical weed control). Specifically: before emergence, tillage and weeding are carried out 3 times. For the first time, when sesame seedlings are paired with true leaves, they are cultivated shallowly; the second time, when 2-3 pairs of true leaves are carried out; the third time, in 4 -5 for true leaves. After sesame seedlings were sealed, cultivators were stopped. In combination with cultivator, the soil is divided into small ridges, deeper and deeper, to prevent sesame lodging and damage. (3) Foliar fertilizer application: From the beginning of flowering to full flowering stage, in the sunny afternoon, the leaves were sprayed with 0.3-0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sprayed twice, each time between 3-5 days. (4)Management: 1Initial flowering period, spray 15ppm concentration to increase production spirit (4-iodophenoxyacetic acid); spend bud period with 1 leaf foliar or sprinkling per acre, add water 50kg foliar spray. 23-4 Foliar spraying of chlormequat or dildocarbamine on the true leaf stage and early flowering stage will result in dense fruit and high yield. (5) Tip picking: The single stalk type should be carried out before the growth is stopped. Branched varieties were picked in two separate batches. Properly advance the head of the main stem early for the first time to maintain branching growth; before the second branch growth stops, tip the tip and remove the top of the branch. Picking up the heart should be carried out on a sunny day, picking the tip about 3 cm. 5, pest control: (1) sesame stem blight: with 55 °C (water and cold water mixed each other) soaked in warm water for 15 minutes, the control effect of 90%; chemical control available 0.1-0.3% carbendazim seed treatment. (2) Fusarium wilt: Use seed dressing with carbendazim, or spray with 40% carbendazim 500 times. (3) Tussah and cockroach: Mix 90% trichlorfon 250g and bait (fragrance) 50kg with water and spread it to the root of the plant in the evening. (4) During the mid-birth period, aphids and sesame moths must also be controlled. 6. Harvest: Gradually mature after 15 days into the final flowering period. In the fall of stems and leaves, there is a crack in the lower capsule, the top capsule yellow-brown, sesame tip was slightly red to harvest. Harvesting in stages will increase production. In the morning, 20 to 30 strains of sesame stalks were cut from the fruit and cut into the individual cultivars. They were placed on a dry, ventilated and dry place, and threshing when all the pods were cracked. 7. Storage: In order to increase the germination rate and oil output of sesame seeds, the selected sesame seeds should be gradually dried from thick to thin on bamboo utensils, and can not be exposed on cement floors, slate or plastic; dried sesame seeds should be packed in The sacks are kept in the rice warehouses, and in winter, they are sun-dried 2-3 times in order to avoid deterioration.
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