Common impurities in natural water include soluble inorganic substances, organic matter, particulate matter, microorganisms, soluble gases, and the like. Ultrapure water machine is to remove these impurities as thoroughly as possible.
In general, the ultrapure water machine can roughly divide the purification process of water into 4 steps, pretreatment (primary purification), reverse osmosis (production of pure water), ion exchange (which can produce 18.2 MΩ.cm ultrapure water) and Terminal processing (production of ultrapure water that meets special requirements).
1, pretreatment
Since the pretreated water will be further purified by reverse osmosis, impurities that have an effect on the reverse osmosis membrane must be removed as much as possible; mainly including large particulate matter, residual chlorine, and calcium ion magnesium ions. It is to be noted here that different processing units must be provided in a targeted manner depending on the difference in the quality of the influent water. Most water purifier manufacturers are not very good at helping customers solve this problem, which will lead to subsequent purification not achieving the desired results and shortening the life of major components such as reverse osmosis membranes and ultra-purification columns.
In order to solve this problem well, the precision filter, activated carbon adsorption filter and softening resin are designed to remove the large particles, residual chlorine and calcium ion magnesium in the water to achieve the pretreatment effect.
The timely replacement of pre-treatment consumables (the price is relatively low) is very important for the long-term stable operation of ultra-pure machines and the protection of core components.
2. Reverse osmosis
Reverse osmosis is the use of a high pressure pump to provide a high pressure solution with a pressure greater than the osmotic pressure difference, water molecules will be forced through the semipermeable membrane to the low concentration side, reverse osmosis can filter out 90%-99% including inorganic ions Most of the pollutants inside, because of its superior purification efficiency, reverse osmosis is a very effective technology for water purification systems, because reverse osmosis can remove most of the dirt, so it is often used as a front-line treatment. It can significantly extend the use time of the deionization column. In view of the fact that reverse osmosis is very important in the purification process of water quality and the replacement price of reverse osmosis membrane is relatively high, we recommend that users must choose an ultrapure water machine that has protection function for reverse osmosis membrane.
In order to prolong the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane and improve the filtration efficiency of the reverse osmosis membrane, a reverse osmosis flow restriction design is adopted, and the flow valve is limited in the water outlet so that the reverse osmosis membrane is always immersed in the water without affecting the life due to drying. . Extending the life of the reverse osmosis membrane is to ensure the quality of the effluent water, and also to improve the cost performance of the ultrapure water system.
3, ion exchange
Ion exchange is the exchange of positive ions in water with H+ ions in the ion exchange resin, and the negative ions in the water exchange with the OH- ions on the ion exchange resin to achieve the purpose of purifying water. By removing ions by ion exchange, it is theoretically possible to remove almost all of the ionic species, and at 25 ° C, the effluent resistivity reaches 18.2 MΩ. Cm. The quality of the ion exchange effluent water depends mainly on the quality of the ion exchange resin and the exchange efficiency of water and resin in the exchange column.
4, terminal processing
Ultra-pure organic, sterile, non-heat-sourced ultrapure water is produced mainly according to the special requirements of customers. There are various treatment methods for different requirements, such as ultrafiltration filtration method for removing heat source, dual-wavelength ultraviolet oxidation method for reducing total organic carbon (TOC) in water, and microfiltration to remove bacteria. Ultrafiltration (UF) film is a molecular sieve, which is based on the size of the solution, allowing the solution to pass through a very fine filter to achieve the purpose of separating molecules of different sizes in the solution. The heat source content in ultrapure water can be reduced to 0.001 EU. /ml below. The dual-wavelength ultraviolet oxidation method can utilize photooxidation of organic compounds to reduce the total organic carbon concentration in ultrapure water to below 5 ppb.
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