Since the 1980s, domestic hospitals have invested in information technology. Because the capital investment is relatively small, they are basically at the level of tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of yuan, and there is no need to involve information evaluation. In 2009, the State Council issued the "Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the Medical and Health System" and launched a new round of medical reform, which requires hospitalization: to focus on hospital management and electronic medical records, and promote hospital information construction. Informatization is becoming more and more important in all kinds of hospital investment, and the scope of application is becoming wider and wider.
After making huge investments, how to evaluate the informatization results has become an important issue for hospital management decision makers and health management departments.
Hospital information evaluation is developing from functional evaluation to application evaluation
The evaluation of information systems in foreign countries originated earlier. The earliest systematic and long-term evaluation of hospital informationization was mainly the American Association of Healthcare Information and Management Systems (HIMSS) and the United States KLAS. Each year, HIMSS conducts a questionnaire survey of CIOs in hospitals across the United States to form an annual HIMSS Medical Executive Survey. KLAS mainly conducts product functions, performance evaluations and user evaluations for suppliers of hospital information systems, and publishes software market share, best software rankings and vendor market status reports. In 1997, the Ministry of Health promulgated the "Administrative Measures for the Evaluation of Hospital Information Systems Software (Trial)". In April 2002, the "Basic Functional Specifications for Hospital Information Systems" was issued, and relevant software standards and specifications were established, but for various reasons thereafter. Not updated and developed.
Some scholars began to explore the comprehensive performance evaluation of the hospital information system in 2007 and 2008. Du Fangdong et al. studied the evaluation index and comprehensive evaluation model of medical information level from 57 indicators in 6 dimensions. Jin Xinzheng evaluated the hospital informationization from three dimensions: concept informationization, tool informationization and method informationization, and conducted empirical research on six hospitals in Wuhan. These evaluation methods all attempt to comprehensively evaluate the hospital informationization work from the perspective of the manager through a comprehensive and all-factorial approach. Under this guiding ideology, the evaluation work is too complicated, and it is difficult to evaluate the hospital informationization work. The focus of improvement is needed. Since then, some scholars have tried to evaluate software performance from the perspective of users. Ji Hong et al. used the user satisfaction method to establish a two-level 6-dimensional satisfaction index to evaluate the application of information systems. Chang et al. evaluated the relationship between data content quality, model quality, information quality, and knowledge quality of electronic medical records and user satisfaction. However, these evaluation methods have not been widely accepted and utilized, and the Delone&Mclean information system success model, which is widely used in other industries, has not received much attention in the medical industry .
In 2006, HIMSS developed the Electronic Medical Record Application Maturity Assessment (EMRAM model), which divided the electronic medical record application into eight stages. In 2007, Gartner developed the five-generation model of electronic medical records; in 2009, the “Meaningful Use†proposed by the US CMS It is divided into three stages to promote the effective use of electronic medical records; the "Electronic Medical Record System Function and Application Level Grading Standard (Trial)" issued by the Ministry of Health of China in 2011 is divided into 0-7 total 8 levels of functional level. These application performance evaluation methods are highly targeted, easy to operate, have clear feedback, and are easily accepted by the rating agencies. In the research, the application evaluation is less, but it is recognized by the hospital in practice and has been widely promoted.
From this development process, hospital informationization evaluation can be divided into three stages: functional evaluation stage, performance evaluation stage, and application effect evaluation stage. The evaluation content has been shifted from the comprehensive evaluation and functional evaluation of hospital information systems to the evaluation of application effects to improve medical quality, ensure patient safety and improve operational efficiency. Functional evaluation is mainly for software suppliers; performance evaluation is technical evaluation in the case of homogenization of software functions, especially in the case of close technical performance, it is difficult for users to intuitively understand; application evaluation can better balance supply The business function provides contradictions with hospital users, and further evaluates the actual application of the information system in the hospital, and timely and effective feedback, which is more vulnerable to the attention of managers.
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