The corn to the big bell (leaf age index 55%-60%, 11th-12th leaves unfold) is the period from jointing to tasselling. It is the period of vegetative growth and reproductive growth. The growth of roots, stems and leaves is very high. It is prosperous, its volume has been rapidly expanded, and its dry weight has increased dramatically. At the same time, tassels have matured and the organs have competed for nutrients. The conflicts between groups and individuals and individuals have become increasingly prominent.
At present, Huanghuaihai summer sowing maize is in the big bell-mouth stage, and will be pollinated soon. In case of continuous dry weather, it will have a great impact on the growth of corn, in order to promote normal flowering and pollination of corn and good grain filling, so as to ensure that the seeds are full and full. Truly productive harvests should be taken. The following field management measures should be taken during the big bell season to the grain filling period.
A large bell mouth watering
The large bell-mouth period of corn is a critical period for corn water demand because it is at a high temperature season and has a large amount of plant growth. In this period, if there is severe water shortage, it is easy to form a "card neck drought", tassels can not be extracted, pollen necrosis, reduce the rate of set, affect the yield.
Therefore, corn should be watered in time when it encounters drought during the big bell-mouth period to ensure that the plant grows robustly. Watering can change the microclimate in the field, favoring pollination of maize, increasing the number of females in gestation, increasing the seed setting rate, and improving the grouting of the later period. Speed, increase grain weight, increase production. At the same time, we must always pay close attention to the weather conditions so that we can discharge water and drought.
Second, flowering irrigation
The flowering and pollination stage of corn in Huanghuaihai region is mostly in the period of high temperature and drought. Field irrigation can play the role of cooling and humidification, forming a farmland microclimate, which is conducive to pollination grouting and avoiding poor pollination caused by high temperature and low humidity. The flowering time of corn has two time periods throughout the day, ie 8:30--11:30 in the morning and 16:00-18:00 in the afternoon. If the minimum temperature in the flowering time period exceeds 30°C for more than 5 consecutive days, it is prone to pollination. Bad, forming flower sticks, lack of grains. Irrigation at this time can significantly improve the pollination environment, reduce the occurrence of the above conditions, improve the corn seed setting rate, promote nutrient transfer, ensure that the seeds are full, and increase the yield and quality. According to tests, irrigation of maize during grain filling stage can increase maize production by more than 20%.
Third, increase "attacking grain fertilizer"
The quantity of attacking grain fertilizer should not be too much, otherwise it will cause late-maturing corn gluttony. If the soil fertility is high and the plants grow normally, they may not be applied. If fertility is weak, less basal fertilizer is used, and the yellowing of the plants shows signs of defertilization, the attacking grain fertilizer should be promptly applied. The attacking granule fertilizer is mainly available nitrogen fertilizer, and 10 kg of urea can be applied per acre. Top dressing can be applied with water on rainy days or on irrigation.
IV. Pest control
Corn earing to milk ripening period is the prime period of corn borer damage. Therefore, strengthening the control of corn borers at this time is an important measure to increase the yield and quality of corn and ensure the harvest of corn. At this time, the corn borers are more concentrated on the tassels. After the tassels are withdrawn, most of them begin to migrate downwards and enter the tassels, tassels or culms. Therefore, the prevention and control of corn tassels must seize the critical period of corn warfare.
Control methods can be used Kang Kang or A-dimensional salt spray control, once every 7 days, the general spray 2 times can play a better control effect. In the later period of spraying or agricultural operations, the main blade for protecting the yield of maize should be taken care of - the clover leaves to avoid damage and breakage.
Fifth, artificial detaches
As the saying goes: "The corn has gone and the strength is like a cow." Conditional farmer households can adopt management methods for the castration of some plants, which can not only reduce the damage of corn borer, but also increase the output of more than 10%, which is more conducive to lodging resistance and enhance lodging resistance.
The specific method: When the corn tassels have not matured during maturity, interlaced male tassels, that is, leaving half tassels is enough for pollination.
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