First, choose the right variety to prevent cross-planting
According to local conditions, it is suitable to use excellent maize varieties that have strong drought resistance, high yield and stable yield, high yield potential, suitable maturity, and passed national or provincial approval. It is necessary to eliminate cross-regional planting, avoid varieties with long growth period, ensure safe and mature, and improve corn yield and grain commodity quality.
Second, do a good job in land preparation and fertilization, lay the foundation for planting
In view of the fact that soil moisture is insufficient, the agronomic measures such as deep loosening and land preparation, “small ridges and large ridges†and conservation tillage are used to improve soil drought resistance. For places where the drought is heavy and there is no water source condition, the soil should be moved as little as possible, and the original ridges should be taken to reduce the evaporation of soil moisture.
According to different soil fertility, scientifically and rationally mix fertilizers, achieve the combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, NPK and micro-fertilizer, base fertilizer and topdressing, and advocate "re-application of base fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer" to prevent "one shelling" . Where there are conditions, it is possible to implement deep application of chemical fertilizers, avoiding the application of surface fertilizers, and paying attention to the isolation of seed fertilizers to prevent burning seedlings.
Third, suitable for planting at appropriate time to improve the quality of sowing
From late April to early May, when the temperature of 5 cm is stable through 10 °C, it can be sown. The early sowing period is easy to cause low temperature rotten and underground pests, silk smut and other soil-borne diseases. The sowing date will affect the normal plants. Growth and development and grain filling and dehydration. For the autumn land preparation, it is necessary to grasp the spring returning period and timely suppress the seedlings and keep the soil as little as possible to protect the lyrics; for the autumn uncultivated fields, it is advisable to adopt the spring topping smashing, the original ridge sowing, timely rushing and early sowing. .
Fourth, promote drought-resistant technology, and strive to broadcast a full seedling
According to the production base and resource conditions, we will promote mature, practical, simple and efficient drought and water saving technologies according to local conditions.
The first is to sit on the water technology. Give full play to the characteristics of low water cost, easy operation, simple structure, flexible mobility, and no terrain limitation. It can be used together with agricultural equipment such as walking water injection machine, and can be used for ditching, water injection, seeding, fertilization and covering. And repressing the work to ensure that the seedlings are even and strong.
The second is the under-film drip irrigation technology. Under the conditional conditions, vigorously promote the under-film drip irrigation technology, which is the most water-saving and energy-saving new irrigation technology. It not only intensively uses irrigation water, but also effectively avoids surface water evaporation, deep water leakage and surface runoff, and improves water and fertilizer utilization. Efficiency, to meet the water temperature conditions required for corn growth and development.
The third is the mulching film to increase temperature and protect the technology. Corn film planting has the functions of increasing temperature and maintaining moisture, collecting rain and drought, improving quality and eliminating grass. Through ridge mulching, it accumulates natural precipitation, reduces water evaporation, turns ineffective precipitation into effective precipitation, improves precipitation utilization, and enhances drought resistance of maize. ability.
5. Implement rational close planting and build appropriate groups
According to the characteristics of the variety and the ecological conditions, soil fertility, fertilization level and management level, reasonable close planting is carried out. Generally, the soil with high soil fertility and planting dense-tolerant varieties has a suitable density of more than 4,500 per acre; the land with low soil fertility and poor tolerance, with a suitable density of 4000-4500 per acre. For non-single-grained plots, seedlings should be planted in the morning, usually in the 3-leaf period, and seedlings in the 4-5-leaf stage. If the seedlings are missing, the two plants can be kept in the same or adjacent rows to ensure the appropriate basic seedlings per acre. .
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