Winter warm shed celery has been cultivated in this area for more than ten years. The annual cultivation area is about 1000 hectares. Due to years of planting, various diseases are increasing year by year. In general, the annual output is reduced by 20-30%, weighs 50%, and even ends. , serious shadow, the production and quality of winter shed celery. Since 2000, we have investigated the incidence of celery in winter warm sheds, and introduced new fungicides for trial use this year. We have accumulated some experience and are summarized below.
Common diseases and disease characteristics
The common diseases of winter shed celery are: viral disease, leaf spot, soft rot, gray mold and root knot nematode.
Viral disease. In recent years, greenhouse whitefly has been plagued by cockroaches, which caused frequent celery virus disease. The initial performance is that the leaves are shrunk, the color is dark green or yellow-green. In severe cases, the whole plant is yellow and dwarfed.
Leaf spot disease. It belongs to bacterial diseases, mainly affecting leaves. At the beginning, small light brown spots are formed on the leaves, and polygons are gradually formed by the restriction of veins. The lesions merge with each other and the leaves are dry. Celery can be affected throughout the growth period, and the temperature of the winter greenhouse is high and the density is high.
Soft rot. The disease is one of the most common diseases of celery in winter warm sheds, mainly damaging the base or stem of the petiole, first appearing in a water-soaked state, followed by a wet rot, which turns black odor.
Gray mold. The disease overwintering celery is a serious disease, generally local onset, mostly from the heart of the plant or the wounded part of the disease, initially water-soaked, the diseased part of the softened, rot, the disease minister out of the gray mold layer. Long-term high humidity causes the whole celery to rot.
Downy mildew. It was discovered in recent years, mainly affecting the leaves, initially showing pale green dots, the edges are not obvious, and the irregular shape after expansion, the size is different, when the humidity is large, the gray-white mildew layer is formed on the leaf back lesions, and the whole plant is serious. Turn yellow and die.
Root knot nematode disease. The continuous crops are seriously ill and have become the main diseases of various vegetables. The performance of the plant is blocked, the color is deep, and the leaves have knob-like protrusions. Large plants with humidity are also wilting.
Integrated control measures
Implemented for more than 2 years of rotation. Purposefully rotate with cane, onion, garlic, etc. Corn or other food crops can also be grown in the summer.
Use resistant varieties. At present, it is advisable to use Jinnan Shiqin No.1, Daxuxiangqin, etc., and celery uses anti-disease varieties such as California King and Siji Celery.
Reasonable close planting. The planting density of parsley is generally 10 cm × 10 cm, and the celery is 25 mm × 25 cm. Irrigation must be carried out on a sunny day. After pouring, it should be ventilated at noon to minimize the air and soil moisture in the shed.
Soil disinfection. Liu Xianjin, Beisu Town, Zoucheng City, Shandong Province. In the summer, after celery harvest, the shed is filled with water. The wheat straw is used to cover the surface and the ammonia bicarbonate is applied. The temperature is 50 kg per mu. The plastic film is sealed for 15 to 20 days, which not only disinfects the soil. It has a certain killing effect on root-knot nematodes.
Chemical control. Prevention and treatment of viral diseases should first prevent the harm of sucking mouthparts pests (whitefly, aphids, etc.), using 25% to chase 1500 times liquid, 1.5% transdermal to kill 2000 times liquid spray. The virus disease is mainly based on prevention, and the commonly used drugs are 10 million units of Jiexukang 600 times solution and potassium permanganate 800 to 1000 times solution. Leaf spot disease, soft rot use 72% agricultural streptomycin 1000 ~ 1500 times liquid, 77% can kill 500 times liquid spray, the initial stage of the disease with 25% Bacillus hand 500 times liquid, 50% Ghana gold 400 ~ 500 times Alternate spray, usually 1 day for 3 days. For the prevention and treatment of gray mold, the initial stage of the disease is alternately sprayed with 50% pyrimethanil 800 times solution, 50% polymyxin 500 times solution, and 25% high dew 500 times solution. Prevention and treatment of downy mildew with 72% gram of 500 times liquid, 65% of enoyl manganese zinc 500 ~ 600 times liquid, 50% of flu plague 800 ~ 1000 times liquid alternately sprayed.
Root-knot nematode disease is mainly based on prevention. In addition to the practice of vegetable cultivator Liu Xianjin, the planting carp is planted with 2% avermectin 6000-7000 times solution at the time of planting, or 10% nematode lycopene granules are applied during the preparation of the soil. The amount of mu can be 5 kg.
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