The mixture of pesticides mainly means that the two liquids are formulated together with a pesticide formulation and used as a liquid spray. A reasonable mixture of pesticides can expand the scope of use or treat several harmful organisms, can improve ergonomics; some mixed use can even increase the efficacy and reduce the side effects of pesticides, drug resistance and other pesticides. However, pesticides should be properly mixed.
When mixing pesticides, pay attention to the following issues:
1. Chemical stability of each active ingredient
Acidity and alkalinity will affect the stability of the active ingredients. Common organic phosphate esters, carbamates, and pyrethroid insecticides are effective components that are "esters". They are generally sensitive to alkali and they are alkaline. hydrolysis. Dithiocarbamate fungicides such as thiram, diosen, etc., the active ingredient in the alkaline medium will undergo complex chemical changes and be destroyed. Although some pesticides are relatively stable under weak alkaline conditions, they should be used immediately after being formulated with weakly alkaline solutions, and should not be placed for too long. Therefore, be careful with the mix of basic drugs. Common alkaline fertilizers such as ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate, precipitated calcium phosphate and so on. Some pesticide active ingredients will decompose or reduce the efficacy under acidic conditions. Such as 24-d sodium, 2 A 4 sodium chloride, amitraz and so on. Common acidic agents include copper sulfate, nicotine sulfate, antibacterial agent 401, and ethylene diuretics. Many organic phosphate pesticides are also acidic, such as iridium and dichlorvos. The cubic configuration of beta-cypermethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin (Karythrin) is more stable than a single active ingredient in a very narrow ph range, and the medium is acidic and easily decomposed, while the alkaline medium is “transitionedâ€. Reduce the efficacy. In addition to acidity and alkalinity, many pesticide species cannot be mixed with drugs containing metal ions. Dithiocarbamate fungicides, 24-salt herbicides and copper preparations can be complexed with copper ions and lose their activity. In addition to copper preparations, other preparations containing heavy metal ions such as iron, zinc, manganese, nickel and other preparations should also be used with special care.
2, to ensure that the liquid physical properties
EC formulations should have good emulsification properties after water. The mixture of the two types of emulsifiable concentrates also requires good emulsification performance, and can not exhibit poor emulsification or delamination, oil slick, or precipitation. The liquid mixture of wettable powders also requires good suspension performance and cannot reproduce flocculation or sedimentation. Any obvious deterioration of the physical properties of compound liquids after mixing can not be mixed, so as to avoid the reduction of efficiency, failure or even cause injury. When the pesticide EC or wettable powder is processed and produced, it is only considered that the formulation has a good physical property with water, and it is impossible and practically impossible to use the formulation with any other preparation and the physical properties of the liquid are certain.
3, to ensure that there are no side effects such as phytotoxicity
The chemical change of the active ingredient may produce phytotoxic substances. The use of lime sulfur mixed with Bordeaux mixture produces harmful copper sulfide and also increases soluble copper ions. The previously described dithiocarbamic bactericides produce harmful substances both in alkaline media and in combination with copper preparations. If the physical properties of the liquid are deteriorated due to mixed use, such as milky emulsion breakage and slick oil, it will certainly cause phytotoxicity. The dioscorea japonica is used for the control of alfalfa in paddy fields, and detoxification occurs because an amidase in rice plants can decompose the active components of dioscin. Organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides inhibit this enzyme in rice. They cannot be used in combination with propellant. They cannot be used within 10 days before or after, otherwise they will cause phytotoxicity. They are amides such as butachlor, which is an amide. Herbicide varieties also have this problem.
Mixed pesticides should also pay attention to:
1. The ready-mixed single use of pesticides can be used flexibly according to crop pest occurrence and control requirements. This is a basic technical requirement for the use of pesticides. However, pesticides that are often or commonly used are often mixed in pesticides. Mixtures generally speaking, the effective ingredients with a more scientific and reasonable, physical and chemical properties of the preparation should be better than the reproduction of mixed use, and some solid preparations such as powder, granules, mixed hard to be even, not as good as stereotypes mixture. Therefore, for the mixed application of the active ingredients of pesticides, both the ready-to-use and the mixture should be given equal weight.
2. Whether two kinds of pesticide preparations can be mixed can be described in the books on the use of pesticides. There should be categories of pharmaceuticals that can be used together or not, and precautions when mixing them. Before the pesticides are mixed, they should be consulted and have a good idea.
3. Mixed use of pesticides A type of "tank mix" measure is popular in developed countries. That is, the pesticide preparations processing plant can produce a single dose for tank mixing, indicating the tank mixing method. When the pesticide is applied, the matched tank mix will be distributed in the field. The site is blended with a motorized device or a mobile dispensing drug or directly in a drug storage tank of a pesticide application tractor. Therefore, there are several aspects of formulations of pesticides in foreign countries, including single doses, mixtures, and tank mixes. The tank mix can ensure the good physical properties of the mixture, and can also mix the active ingredients that are not suitable for the mixture. China now has a tank mix sold, such as 50% acetochlor EC + Po 75% + dry suspension, 35% Atrazine Suspension + Po 75% dry suspension.
4. The method for compounding pesticides when mixing pesticides is generally to use a sufficient amount of water first to prepare a single-agent liquid, and then to dilute another single agent with this liquid; it is not possible to mix two single agents first, and then Diluted with water to avoid adverse reactions, including destruction of active ingredients and deterioration of physical properties. In addition, the concentration of each active ingredient in the drug solution is calculated based on the total amount of the drug solution.
5. For the first time when two kinds of single-agent test properties are being mixed and used, a small amount of mixed liquid can be tested in a transparent glass container to observe if there is oil floating, flocculation, precipitation or discoloration, heat generation, and generation. Bubbles and other abnormal phenomena. Where the liquid chemical shows a chemical change or the vicious circle of liquid physical, this mix is ​​not desirable. If there is no problem with the compounding test, a mixed liquid can be used to perform the phytotoxicity test of a small area or a single plant in the field, and the concentration of the liquid is higher.
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