First, use fine varieties
At present, the main species to be promoted and applied in our county are: Sichuan Wenjiang “Red Seven Stars†was transferred to seed or self-sustained species that year. However, regardless of whether “Red Seven Stars†or “Seed-keeping Seeds†were selected, they should be selected to meet the seed quality standards. Standardized cold treatment seeds, cold treatment temperature 2-4 °C, time in more than 45 days, in order to break the dormancy, early maturity, high yield and high efficiency.
Second, a reasonable rotation
Garlic bogey continuous cropping, continuous cropping caused a variety of diseases year after year, soil nutrient ratio errors, thus affecting the yield and quality of garlic, should promote slicing, 2-3 years full rotation.
Third, timely sowing, rational close planting, improve the sowing quality
The garlic is planted in a timely manner, with early growth and high speed. However, when it is broadcast in time, the incidence of garlic leaf blight is high and the plants are susceptible to premature aging. According to the results of many years of experiments, the suitable sowing period in our county is from August 25 to September 20. The sowing principle is: proper early sowing in warm and cool areas, appropriate delay in warm areas, early sowing of self-preserved species mainly grown in garlic, and appropriate delay in the production of garlic.
Closely planted. My county planted early-maturing garlic to harvest garlic and garlic. The general cultivation density was 50,000-60,000 plants/mu, and the per mu seed rate was 120 kg.
Sowing advocated on-demand. According to the test results, proper depth broadcast can increase the rate of garlic, so the depth of cover soil after sowing should be controlled at 4-8cm. Rice-planted garlic and relatively heavy soil cover soil should be shallow.
Fourth, timely irrigation, water to regulate fertilizer, with fertilizer to promote seedlings
Timely irrigation: Garlic roots are distributed lightly, are not tolerant to drought, and are not tolerant to pods. They should be filled with water timely according to soil moisture and plant growth conditions.
Reasonable fertilization: Due to the long growth period of garlic, the amount of fertilizer required is large, generally 3000-4000 kilograms of high quality manure, especially for continuous plots, but also increase the organic fertilizer. The application of inorganic fertilizer, N, P, K ratio is: 40-60 kg of urea, general through 30-50 kg of calcium phosphate, 15-30 kg of potassium sulfate. Manure and calcium were used as base fertilizers once. Urea and potassium sulphate were used for splitting the mother (4-6 leaves) and Pengda period (9-10 leaves) twice. The amount of fertilizing material in the mother-rejection accounted for 60%, and the Peng Da period accounted for 40. %.
V. Integrated control of pests and weeds
The main diseases of garlic are leaf blight, purple spot, rust, white rot, and sclerotia. Prevention and control should be based on agricultural control, supplemented by chemical control. The key to chemical control is the early stage of disease (after the 5-leaf stage), with the focus on the peak period of the disease. The chemical control agent was selected to use 1500 times of the 10% Shigao powder, or 25% Shi Baoke EC 1000 times, or 25% KOWEI EC 1000 times. 7-10 days prevention and control, continuous prevention and control 3-4 times, control effectiveness of more than 90%.
The main insect pests are Liriomyza sativae and Onion beet scale moth, Thrips, Aphids, etc. Can be sprayed in the garlic 3-4 leaf stage 1.8% harmful to the extreme destruction of EC 10-15 ml / mu, or 1.8% afore EC, or pyrethroid pesticide control, can effectively control the pest of garlic hazards.
Grass damage can be treated by 20-25 days after sowing, 3-4 leaf stage of garlic seedlings, and 2-3 leaf stage of madder grass species, with a net of 40% Garlicgrass 110ml or 20% greengrass per acre. Long 300 g/mu watered spray. The one-time weeding effect reached more than 90%, which is safe and effective for garlic production.
Six, timely harvest
1, the harvest of garlic moss. When the leaves of the inflorescence of the garlic inflorescence extend 13-16cm from the leaf sheath, the garlic can be harvested and harvested on sunny afternoon or cloudy day with dew.
2, receive garlic. Garlic generally requires "nine yellow and ten closed," too early to close, garlic tender, heavy water, garlic wrinkled after drying, too late, garlic skin discoloration is easy to crack, poor commercial quality, product quality is reduced. Exclusive garlic and divided garlic should be harvested in batches. In the 20-30 days after the harvest of garlic, the leaves can be harvested when the leaves are yellow, and when they are harvested, their mud, cutting roots and cutting handles should be avoided to avoid mechanical damage.
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