When we go to the vegetable market, we often see some twisted and twisted cucumbers, or some cucumbers that are not growing well. In fact, this is a cucumber malformation. When we pick cucumbers, we will pick the melons straight and shiny. This kind of deformed cucumber is generally not picked. Cucumber malformation not only affects the yield and quality of cucumber, but also seriously reduces the commerciality of cucumber, causing certain economic losses to farmers. Why are cucumbers deformed? What are the deformed species? How to prevent it?
First, the formation of cucumber malformation and its causes
The types of malformed melons are different, and the reasons for their formation are different.
1, bee waist melon: yellow flower female flower pollination is not complete; after pollination plant nutrient supply is not enough, dry matter accumulation is less, nutrient distribution is insufficient; nutrition and water imbalance will form a bee waist melon.
2, curved melon: the reasons for formation mainly include the following points. 1 Cucumber female flowers are incompletely fertilized, resulting in uneven development of the whole fruit; 2 cucumbers are weak, dry matter production is low, and the fruits compete for nutrients, causing some melons to be malnourished and thus curved; 3 the environmental conditions during the growth period change drastically, Even cloudy days suddenly clear, high temperature and strong light cause insufficient supply of water and nutrients; 4 During the growth process, the melon strips are blocked by melons or slings and cannot be stretched normally, resulting in bending.
3, pointed melon: the parthenocarpy and weak varieties of female flowers in the flowering period, there is no fertilization, no seeds are formed in the fruit, lack of the driving force to promote the transportation of nutrients to the fruit, resulting in cutting-edge malnutrition, forming a pointed melon; insufficient supply of fertilizer, fruit It also forms a pointed melon; the plant grows weakly, especially in the late stage of fruit enlargement, the fertilizer and water are insufficient, the fruit can not get normal nutritional supplement, and can also form a pointed melon.
4. Big belly melon: During the growth period of cucumber, the temperature is high, the water is large, the plant grows vigorously, the melon strip grows fast, or the cucumber flowering period is low temperature, even rainy weather, low ground temperature, etc., causing poor pollination, and the pollination apex first expands. Insufficient nutrition, or insufficient water, the top seeds of melons are formed, the melons grow thick, and the melons have fewer or no seeds in the middle and lower parts, and the melons grow thin and become big belly melons. In addition, zinc deficiency in the soil can also lead to the formation of big belly melons.
Second, the prevention and treatment measures of cucumber malformation
1. Choose excellent varieties
Generally, cucumber varieties with straight and adaptable melons are selected.
2, control the temperature
During the seedling raising of cucumber, it is necessary to give appropriate temperature, especially before the two true leaves, the temperature difference between day and night is larger, and the night temperature should not be lower than 12 °C, so as to avoid the formation of deformed ovary and grow into deformed melon. The temperature difference between day and night in cucumber melon period needs to be larger. The temperature during the daytime should not exceed 30 °C, the night temperature should be 16 °C ~ 18 °C in the middle of the night, and 13 °C ~ 15 °C in the middle of the night. Strengthen ventilation and prevent more than 30 °C. High temperature, ensuring normal pollination and fertilization, so that the thickness of melons grows well.
3. Rational fertilization
Apply enough base fertilizer and increase organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The topdressing method adopts a small number of times. After collecting the melon, the first fertilizer is chased. After that, the fertilizer is chased once every 10 days, and the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer is strictly controlled. The formula fertilization technique should be adopted, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 5:2:6. To prevent plants from growing. In the middle and late stages, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution was sprayed on the leaves to prevent premature senescence of the plants.
4, reasonable watering
During the growth of cucumber, especially in the period of melon, it can not be considered that the cucumber likes to fertilize water, and it will make a lot of topdressing and watering, causing “runningâ€, but it must not be dry or ignorant. Pay attention to watering on sunny days to prevent water shortage. Watering should control the amount of watering, especially when the fruit is inflated.
5. Strengthen pest and disease prevention
For cucumber downy mildew, blight, gray mold and other diseases, in the early stage of cucumber growth, it is necessary to pay attention to the discovery of the central diseased plant, and timely remove the deep-buried diseased leaves to prevent the expansion of the dip. To prevent and cure diseases, the method of applying aerosols can be adopted, and the humidity in the shed is not increased, and the disease prevention is relatively thorough. Use 45% of 5% chlorothalonil smoke agent per acre, spread it in the shed, and ignite it from the inside out in the evening. After smoking, it will be smoked in the closed shed. Generally, it will be applied once every 7 to 10 days, and used 2 to 3 times. .
For aphids and whitefly, you can use 10% imidacloprid wettable powder to spray, or use 22% dichlorvos to kill. In addition, it is necessary to remove the deformed melon in time to allow the nutrients to supply the melons that are developing normally.
The above are the causes and prevention measures of cucumber malformation. There are many types of cucumber malformations, mainly due to improper management. Farmers must scientifically manage cucumbers when they grow cucumbers, so as to avoid the impact of cucumbers. Help the cucumber growers.
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Principle
The test utilizes antibodies including a monoclonal LH-β antibody and goat anti-rat IgG on the
nitrocellulose membrane with colloidal gold marked anti-LH-α monoclonal antibody as an mark
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Main components
The testing kit is in the form of strip, cassette, and midstream. Basic components: Sample pad,
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Result Judgment
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NEGATIVE: One red line appears in the control region(C). Or both red line appear with the color of
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