In 2019, the city and the districts and counties of the agricultural and rural sectors took measures to promote the development of sorghum industry as the main starting point for promoting the increase of farmers' income and income, and grasping the construction of high-yield high-yield demonstration areas, technical training, seeds and agricultural resources supply. In fact, the production and development of sorghum is good. It has implemented 12 high-yield and high-yield demonstration zones and built 31,000 mu of core demonstration films. According to the recent investigation and understanding of the growth of some sorghum bases in the city, since May, due to the long-term low temperature and rain, improper cultivation and other factors, some local sorghum has been delayed in late sowing, transplanting time, fertilization and other fields. The management lags, resulting in the growth of sorghum after transplanting is weak, the leaves appear physiological disease lesions, etc.; some live sorghum due to late planting, endangered by underground pests or cockroaches, chicken food, resulting in poor emergence, irregularities, etc., resulting in Some farmers have shaken their confidence and determination to grow high sorghum, and this year it is unfavorable to continue to do a good job in sorghum field management, promote the transformation of sorghum plant seedlings and normal growth. To this end, the following technical recommendations for field management are proposed: 1. Analysis of the climate characteristics of this year's sorghum planting. The climate in this spring and the spring of 2-3 months is normal. There is no extreme weather such as low temperature and cold wave. The first sunrise of ≥10 °C is now February 21 The first sunrise of ≥15°C is now on March 26, and the average temperature in March is 0.2-0.9°C higher than the normal value of the year. The precipitation is only normal in Minxian County, and the other districts and counties are 2-5% less; the sunshine hours are close to the normal years. . After entering April, the city's average temperature is 2.9-3.4 °C higher than the normal year-on-year value, especially in the late April, the abnormal high is about 5 °C, there is no obvious cold air activity during the month; the city's precipitation is more than 1-4% compared with the same period of the year. , Jixian County is 1.6 times more, basically no spring drought occurs; sunshine is more than 3-5 percent more than normal. However, since May, although the precipitation is uneven, the rainy days in the northern region are obviously more than the precipitation, and the precipitation intensity is high. The precipitation in Hejiang and Jixian is 78% and 19% higher than normal, and the sunshine hours are 56-67 less than normal. %, the average daily temperature is 0.8-1.4°C; on May 26th, the city's general rain falls, and the accumulated temperature drops rapidly. The temperature stays below 20°C on May 27-30, and the daily minimum temperature is less than 17°C. No sunshine, low temperature and rainy weather seriously restrict the growth of stems and leaves of sorghum. According to the weather analysis in the future: the low temperature and rainy weather will end on May 30, and there will be 4 days of cloudy and sunny weather from May 31 to June 3, which will be beneficial to the promotion of sorghum growth. management. Second, the impact of rainy and illuminating weather on the growth of sorghum is high-temperature, short-day crops, plant growth has certain requirements for temperature and illumination. May is a crucial period for sorghum to enter the vegetative growth after it has returned to life. In some places, the new sorghum base has a large expansion area and replanting, resulting in a delay in transplanting time, and the sorghum seedlings are weak after the transplanting. The number of hair roots is small and the roots are slow; while some plots are low in water due to low terrain, severe waterlogging in the field, causing the growth of sorghum roots to be blocked, yellowing of leaves, physiological lesions, etc., although timely replanting, Due to low temperature, heavy rain, and low light hours, it also affects the growth of sorghum seedlings. In some areas, the high-flying sorghum was not planted until May 1st, and the quality of the planting was not high (no ploughing of the land before planting, direct no-tillage, littering, heavy rain after sowing, dead water in the nest), resulting in The sorghum seed is not neatly seeded, and some plots lack more nests, plus guanine and chicken food, which also cause some sorghum seedlings to lose abnormally. III. Suggestions for the field management to promote the transformation of sorghum seedlings (1) For the low-lying fields, it is recommended to combine the field management of crops, weeding, topdressing and other fields to open the ditch in time; the original digging of drainage ditch, according to the actual situation, timely Dredge the ditch, or make another deep excavation to ensure the interconnection between the ditch and the ditch in the block to achieve the purpose of reducing water level and drainage. (2) After the ditch is lowered to lower the water level, the microbial liquid fertilizer can be applied to the plot of the seedlings that are weak, yellow or swollen, and physiologically plaques can be applied per mu, 10 kg + Ding micro 1000 ml (a microbial liquid) Bacterial fertilizer), after mixing, it is used for root irrigation; it can also be applied to plant nutrient regulators such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate 50g + love more than 1 bag + Ruisijia 1 bag per acre of foliage; if it is long-term planting sorghum, The soil has been more acidic, especially the method of applying microbial fertilizer + Dingwei to the roots to improve the root environment of the roots, promote the rapid growth of roots and promote the transformation of seedlings. After the sorghum seedlings are returned to green, each acre can be applied with 4-5 kg ​​of quick-acting fertilizer urea + potassium fertilizer. (3) For some sorghum seedlings that are planted deeper during transplanting, they can be combined with weeding in the field, and loosened and lifted the seedlings in time to facilitate the roots to breathe and promote root growth. (4) For the live broadcast of sorghum in the mountainous area, according to the emergence situation, chemical methods should be used to prevent underground pests, physical methods should be used to prevent guanine and chicken food; and at the same time, according to the growth and growth of unearthed seedlings, in the three leaves After one heart, timely uniform seedlings, according to the actual row spacing of the variety and the plot, 2-3 strains per seedling, or use the interval of 2-3-2-3 seedlings to ensure the number of plants per unit area. When squeezing the seedlings, use the method of approaching and then going far. If transplanting is needed at a distance, the seedlings should be placed in a pot (not a bamboo pole) and then transplanted. Have to transplant soil with soil. (5) When the sorghum continues to enter the stage of jointing and growing, in the plots planted in sorghum all year round, special attention should be paid to the prevention of the danger of anthrax. First, after the sorghum is returned to green, spray 1 bag of benzimidate 10g per day to 15kg per acre of leaf surface, and then spray 1 time before sorghum heading; 1 bag of benzimidazole can be used to 10kg of water For foliar application; 80% mancozeb WP 600 times solution can also be used for leaf surface control. (6) In the period of large bell mouth after the flag leaves of sorghum plants are extracted, pyrethroids such as imidacloprid and lambda-cyhalothrin, sprays such as gamma salt, Kangkuan and Fugo can be used to control aphids. Pests and mites. After the heading, the aphids and aphids are generally controlled 1 or 2 times.
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