The Children's Hospital of Cincinnati, USA, recently announced that its scientists have cooperated with their counterparts in the country to use stem cells to produce human colon "organs" in the laboratory. After transplantation into animals, it exhibits similar functions to natural colon tissue. This will help scientists to further study and treat digestive diseases.
"Organs" is a multicellular structure that is cultivated in the laboratory using stem cells. Although it is not an organ in the true sense, its function and physiological response are similar, which is of great significance for medical research. Previously, a variety of "organs" including the small intestine and part of the stomach tissue have been developed.
The colon is the end of the human digestive tract. It is more difficult to cultivate the colon than to cultivate other parts of the digestive tract due to lack of developmental data such as the embryonic stage. The team used animal models to perform molecular and genetic screening, and combined with multiple databases to identify key growth factors that stimulate stem cell development into the colon.
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The researchers used human pluripotent stem cells to grow intestinal tissue and added this growth factor, which successfully initiated a genetic code related to the body structure, which prompted the cells to develop colonic "organs." After 6 to 10 weeks of development in transplanted mice, the morphology, structure, molecular and cellular characteristics of this "organoid" are similar to human colon. Related papers were published in the new US issue of Cell-Stem Cell.
Human digestive tract diseases are not the same as other animals, so animal models do not reproduce the development of human diseases. The development of human colon "organs" helps scientists to establish accurate models of digestive diseases, study the health effects of human intestinal bacteria, and test new drugs. In the future, "organs" may also be used for transplant surgery.
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