Choosing the superior seed early-maturing and autumn cabbage should choose varieties with good early maturity, strong heat resistance, strong disease resistance and high yield.
The whole land preparation should be fine, and after the completion of the land preparation, the ridge width is 30 cm, the groove width is 30 cm, and the height is 15 cm.
Timely sowing of autumn cabbage precocious growth period is generally 50 to 60 days, the listing period to catch up before the larger acreage in late autumn cabbage as well. The sowing period is generally 1~2 days before and after the "Liuqiu", that is, around August 8, the premature disease is heavier, and the late production is reduced. On the ridge, the planting distance is 40 cm (the live seeding does not need to slow down the seedlings).
Balanced fertilization Early-ripening autumn cabbage is a high-yielding vegetable variety, generally about 4,000 kg per mu, and the demand for fertilizer is large. The principle of fertilization is to apply heavy fertilizer and appropriate topdressing. Before planting, combined with 5,000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure and 40 kg of high-nitrogen, low-phosphorus and potassium-type compound fertilizer. It is best to use a plot of cruciferous vegetables that has not been planted for the first time. For example, if the plot is planted for many years, it is necessary to apply 20-30 kg of bacteria per acre to improve soil conditions and enhance the ability of cabbage to resist pests and diseases.
In the field of high-temperature, high-humidity and rainy seasons, the roots of Chinese cabbage are shallow, and they are not drought-tolerant and drought-tolerant. In the case of severe drought and catastrophic weather, pests and diseases will occur, which will seriously affect production. In production, the traditional cultivation method can be improved, and the sorghum cultivation technology can be used to ensure that the drought can be protected and the water can be drained. Early-ripe autumn cabbage should be planted on-demand, with 3 to 4 seeds per hole and twice in between. After the seedlings are fixed, the water is strictly controlled, and the seedlings are planted for about 10 days. After entering the rosette period, the management of fertilizer and water is emphasized.
Fertilization management
1. Apply enough base fertilizer: The base fertilizer is the basis for the harvest of Chinese cabbage. Generally, the soil fertility of the old vegetable fields is relatively high, and the organic fertilizer can be applied in a small amount, and the biological fertilizer, such as the ground bacteria, can be combined. The proportion of nutrients in compound fertilizer is mainly nitrogen and potassium, and combined with phosphate fertilizer. The new vegetable land should be re-applied with organic fertilizer and combined with the application of ternary compound fertilizer.
2, rosette seedlings: seedlings to control water and nitrogen fertilizer. In addition to the introduction of seedling fertilizer, it is generally necessary to seedling the seedlings during the rosette period, so that the outer leaves of the shoots grow robustly, promote the roots under the tie, and lay the foundation for the rapid growth and the absorption of nutrients and water in the later period.
3, topdressing: the first topdressing should be mastered in the late stage of the rosette combined with irrigation. The topdressing fertilizer is mainly based on the quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, and the water-fertilizer enters the core period. The 2-3th top dressing is carried out in the early and middle stages of the core. Mainly apply nitrogen fertilizer, up to two times, to control the dosage. After the core of the package, the nitrogen fertilizer was stopped. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer per top dressing should be determined by the growth of Chinese cabbage.
4. Foliar spray fertilizer: In the high-yield fertilization of Chinese cabbage, in addition to the large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the application of medium and trace elements should also be considered. From the current problems in the production of Chinese cabbage, some areas are mainly the physiological deficiency of calcium and boron. You can choose to spray foliar fertilizers containing calcium, boron and iron, such as Nadok calcium-boron mixture.
Disease prevention and pest precocious autumn cabbage growing period at a high temperature and high humidity conditions, a high degree of pests and diseases, such as aphids, tobacco budworm, cabbage worm, soft rot. For mites can be used to prevent 300 times, non-toxic and pollution-free. If it has been sprayed, it can be sprayed with imidacloprid 1000 times liquid, and insects such as tobacco budworm and cabbage caterpillar are sprayed with beta-cypermethrin 1500 times solution. Chinese cabbage soft rot is extremely common in high-humidity environment. In the early stage of the disease, it can be controlled by agricultural streptomycin spray. Serious rooting should be taken out of the field and buried deep in the field, and the lime can be spread around the diseased area to prevent pathogens. spread.
The harvesting period of early-maturing autumn cabbage is short, generally about 50-60 days. When the leaf ball grows to compact porcelain, the outer leaves are yellow flowers, and the weight per plant is about 2 kg, it can be harvested. When cutting, use a machete or a kitchen knife to cut off the base of the cabbage root, remove the old leaves, diseased leaves and yellow leaves outside, and keep two or three leaves outside the leaf ball to prevent mechanical damage to protect the leaf ball.
This article URL: High-yield cultivation techniques of Chinese cabbage in autumn 2017
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