In recent years, with the continuous expansion of the planting area of ​​the giant ginger, and the extensive management of the field, the disease of the ginger has also increased, especially in June, due to the high temperature and rain, the most common rot of the ginger stem. In recent days, Li Hualiang and Lu Changlei of Renzhao Town, Pingdu City, Shandong Province, Yu Wanquan of Qixian County, and Wang Xuexuan of Laiwu have reflected that the ginger they planted has begun to develop stem-based rot and seek good prevention and treatment methods.
First, the onset of symptoms of the early stage of the stem rot of the ginger, the water at the base of the stem appears varying sizes of water, gradually enlarged, yellow leaves. At the end of the disease, the lesion surrounds the base of the stem for one week, causing the base tissue of the stem to gradually rot. Due to the obstruction of water and nutrient transport, the main stem of the aboveground part is dried up from top to bottom, and the leaves are black and fall off, showing a withering shape. When the humidity is high, the soil is opened, and white cotton floc is visible in the diseased part and soil. The strain is extremely harmful.
Second, the disease conditions
1. Temperature and humidity. High temperature and high humidity are conducive to the occurrence of stem rot of ginger, and the suitable onset temperature is 20 ° C -25 ° C. The temperature is too low or too high is not conducive to the onset.
2. Lighting. Ginger is a light-tolerant early plant, and the plots with shade cultivation, ventilation and poor light transmission are prone to disease. According to the survey, the incidence rates of flat cultivation and non-fitting were 13.15% and 15.61%, respectively, and the incidence rates of ridge and ridge cultivation were 5.21% and 3.84%, respectively.
3. Soil. Yellow mud loam and heavy soil have a serious incidence. It is advisable to use Shacheng soil with deep soil layer, good drainage, loose soil and rich organic matter. The pH value of soil is 6-7. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can effectively promote the growth of turmeric and improve disease resistance.
4. 茬 mouth. The pathogen can survive in the soil for a long time, and the cumulative amount of bacteria in the continuous cropping plot field is serious.
Third, prevention and treatment measures
1. Use pest-free, mold-free seeds to prevent the spread of pests and diseases, and ensure that the seedlings are full of seedlings. When sowing, soak seeds with 40% Fuxing emulsifiable concentrate 8000 times, or use 50% carbendazim 200g per 100kg seeds, soak 100km of water, soak for 4-5 minutes, and dry it for later.
2. Soil disinfection treatment. In the land where the disease occurs seriously, 70% of thiophanate, 50% of carbendazim, 50% of dikesone or thiram, 1-1.5 kg of fine soil and 30 kg of fine soil are applied to the soil per acre. Applying lime to acid soil for disinfection can prevent soil-borne diseases.
3. Reasonable rotation. Carrying out cropping with grass crops for more than 2 years, preventing disasters and avoiding them.
4. Scientific use of fertilizer to improve soil. Ginger likes soil with better permeability. Each mu can use 100 kg of “potassium-free fertilizer†and 2,500 kg of decomposed soil and fertilizer, 1 kg of “family†and 1.5 kg of “zinc familyâ€. Shiji fertilizer is the main.
5. Ridge cultivation, improve soil aeration and promote underground stem growth. Do 1 metre wide for ridges, ridge height 20 cm, when the seedling height is 30 cm, according to 4 bamboo raft towers per square meter, promote ventilation, light transmission and warm air flow, promote leaf photosynthesis, prevent disease and control .
6. In the early stage of the disease, use "multi-purpose" 250 times liquid plus natural brassin "Shuo 481", or thiazole zinc 500 times liquid irrigation or leaf spray, 40% Fuxing emulsifiable concentrate 8000 times liquid, 75% of 100% 10 times solution of bacteriological clear solution, 50% carbendazim, 50% thiophanate and 86.2% copper master 500-800 times solution, rooting at the site of the disease, 50-100 ml per plant, once every 10 days, You can even fill it twice.
Recommended reading: high-efficiency prevention and treatment of big ginger rotten neck disease
First, the name of the disease
In July 2008, Researcher Wang Yuanqing of Laizhou Plant Protection Station inspected the pathogens in the laboratory of Denghai Seed Industry Group and identified it as “Pythium sinensis root rot†(abbreviation: Pythium) and “Ginger rot†Mildew soft rot" (referred to as: root rot).
Second, the time of occurrence
In June 2007, the disease was first discovered in Chengguo Town without roots, and Jiangnong called it â€œæŽ neck disease, card neck diseaseâ€; in early June 2009, Cheng Guozhen Qujia, Kanshang, Zhuang The disease occurred in the villages of Li, Shigezhuang, Majia, and Yujia. In the middle to late June-July, the disease occurred in the eastern areas of Dajiang in Pingdao, Chengguo and Pinglidian towns. From the beginning of July 2010 to the end of July, the disease occurred in the main producing areas of Dajiang East in Laizhou City.
From June to July 2009, the disease occurred in the main ginger producing areas such as Laiwu, Anqiu, and Wuyuan. They called it “rotten neck diseaseâ€.
Third, the symptoms of the disease
The tip of the leaf and the edge of the leaf are yellow, the base of the stem overflows, and it is water-immersed, the vascular bundle is brown, and the rhizome near the ground is rotten and emits odor.
Fourth, the route of transmission
The bacteria are overwintered and infested on the bacterium, the diseased plant residue, and the contaminated fertilizer, and are transmitted by rainwater spattering and irrigation water.
V. Conditions of occurrence
1, high temperature and high humidity is conducive to the occurrence of ginger stem rot, suitable onset temperature is 20 ° C -25 ° C.
2, usually the weather is warm and cold in the night and the low-lying water in the field, the soil moisture content is large, the soil is sticky, which is good for this disease.
3, ginger seedlings and continuous cropping, the incidence is heavy.
Sixth, prevention and treatment methods
1. Preventive measures:
1.1 Ginger disinfection: soaking seeds with a killing of 2000 (or 46.1% can kill 800) 800-1000 times.
1.2 Phyto-soil coverage: When planting ginger, use a 1500 times solution to kill the ginger hole, and then mix the 1-2 pounds and 150-200 pounds of fine soil to cover the ginger. .
1.3 early root irrigation: when the ginger grows to 10 cm (or ginger, three leaves and one heart), use DuPont Kelu (or 64% anti-virus cockroach, fine nail cream - manganese zinc, 70% methyl thiophanate) plus Kill 3000, (or can kill 2000, Garrinong, Doning [copper calcium sulfate], copper acetate, copper amide, etc.) roots. 1 planting solution 0.3 kg, once every 5 days, continuous root irrigation 3 times.
1.4 medicinal liquid rushing: Before the small cultivating soil around July 1st, in order to prevent the invasion and spread of the pathogens caused by the cultivating of the roots of the turmeric roots, the cockroach can be used to kill 1 kg and DuPont gram dew 1 kg. Then cultivate the soil.
2. Treatment:
2.1 Selection of pesticides: The ginger around the plant at the center of the disease is selected from DuPont Kelu (or 64% antivirus cockroach, refined metalaxyl-manganese zinc, 70% methyl thiophanate) plus 3000 can be killed (or Garonong, Doing, copper acetate, copper amide, etc.) roots.
2.2 Technical points: The sprayer head must be removed, so that the pesticide is sown down the stem of the ginger, and 1 strain of ginger is filled with 1 kg of liquid medicine, and once every 4 days, for 4 times.
2.3 Note: Focus on the roots of the roots of the ginger and the ground contact, because this is the earliest part of the rotten neck disease.
2.4 Note: All the ginger that has been rooted can not enter the ginger carp, because the ginger block has pathogenic bacteria and can infect the neck disease.
2.5 Note: The central plant of the disease should not be pulled out first. First, the ginger around the central disease plant should be treated, and the liquid should be irrigated 3 times. Prevent the leftover contaminated soil from infecting other ginger plants.
Big ginger stem rot is also the rotten neck disease that we say. Rotten neck disease is a kind of soil-borne disease. If the soil-borne disease is just spray, the effect is not too good. So for this disease, either the soil is treated, or the roots are sprayed, or the whole plant is sprayed. However, in terms of the current planting mode, it is more convenient to use it unless it is a large arched ginger or a flat-opening ginger. Therefore, it is recommended to apply a fungicide for prevention.
When did you start?
The first use of fertilizer in the shed (except for rooting agents). Why? Because the infection of the bacteria includes three conditions: the source of infection, the route of transmission, and the host. Therefore, there is no path to germs that can't reach plants. Therefore, the plant wound caused by the fertilizer is the window into which the bacteria enter the plant, and the water carries the germ.
Another point to emphasize is that germs have an incubation period, which is long and short, not infected immediately. It will develop after reaching the disease. Don't think that you can't see the disease anyway, maybe not this year. Remember that you are lucky enough to have a crop, and the crops are also.
There is also prevention before the summer solstice!! Summer solstice? The sun is almost direct, the highest temperature. During this period, most of China's regions have higher temperatures, sufficient sunshine, rapid crop growth, and more physiological and ecological water requirements. One is that physiological water shortage has an effect on crop growth and resistance, and the temperature is higher and the sun is stronger. After the film is released, the ginger is weaker and more likely to form a burn. So choose to prevent before the summer solstice
Pharmacy selection:
Washing in the shed: mainly based on conventional drugs: nails, streptomycin, carbendazim, etc.
Medication in the summer solstice: mainly spray. It is recommended to use: flavonoids, metalaxyl, copper hydroxide, copper amide and other agents.
This article URL: How to prevent and cure the big ginger stem rot disease
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