First, pay attention to timely listing
As a commercial lamb, it is best to market the lamb that year, because lamb meat prices are generally the highest. The cost of sheep breeding from 2 to 3 years of age is high, especially in the northern regions (winter and spring climate is cold, the lack of fodder), and as the sheep grows with age, the subcutaneous and intermuscular fat deposition increases, the muscle cholesterol content increases, and the meat quality decreases. Not a good price.
Second, do a good hybrid
In the production of mutton sheep, the use of improved hybrids can increase the lambing rate, the survival rate of lambs, and the body weight. As the male parent (especially the terminal paternal) of the hybrid mutton sheep must have the characteristics of precocity, fast growth and development, and the female parent should choose the good breed with high fertility and long estrus season. At present, the most common and ideal hybridization mode is: meat sheep, Suffolk or Dorset Dormian sheep, small-tail sheep, sheep, ewe, commercial sheep; meat goats, cloth (Boll) goats, goats, goats (non-milk) Use) Ewe commodity sheep.
Third, pay attention to feeding and management
The management of mutton sheep must be grasped from the innate development of the lamb.
1. To arrange good breeding and lambing time: In the northern region, the ambient temperature changes greatly in April each year and the lamb mortality is relatively high. Therefore, the lambing time should be arranged as early as possible from January to March to avoid the lambs being born. April.
2. Grasping the feeding and management of pregnant ewes: if the ewes can obtain sufficient and reasonable nutrition during pregnancy, the lambs produced are of large body size, strong in physique, strong in disease resistance, and easy to manage.
3. Pay attention to the lamb's food-eating exercise: that is, let the free intake of high-quality green hay or grass at the age of 10 days, and free-feed mixed concentrate from the age of 20 days. The mixture should be mainly digestible corn and bran. , Plus fried soybeans, salt and trace elements, avoid the use of cakes, cotton cakes and so on.
4. Free drinking water: To provide clean drinking water, allowing them to freely drink especially in hot seasons, the lamb can not be short of water, otherwise it will lead to loss of appetite, blood circulation and body temperature regulation can not be normal, growth blocked, and even death.
5. Selenium supplementation: Selenium deficiency is generally serious in northern China. In selenium-deficient areas, lambs may be injected with sodium selenite vitamin E injection 1 to 2 weeks after birth.
6. Weaned at the right time: When the lamb is about 7 weeks old, the rumen develops completely and can digest the roughage better. Until then, the weaned lamb cannot obtain enough nutrients by only eating roughage, and it is best to wean at around 3 months of age. Special care should be given after weaning until it is fully adapted to grazing or housing conditions
Preparation of Fenebute
1. Prepare the first intermediate
Benzaldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate into ethanol, stir at room temperature under the catalysis of organic alkali reaction with filter cake filtration after 45 ~ 50 h, after the completion of the filter with ethanol elution filter cake, dry cake solids, then ethanol filtrate concentrated to a quarter of the original volume, to cold, concentrate filtering alcohol washing, solid, merging two solid is the first intermediate; The mole ratio of benzaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate and ethanol is 1:2.5 -3:12-15.
2. Prepare the second intermediate
The first intermediate is added to the mass concentration of 20% sodium hydroxide solution, and the reaction is stirred at 85-90°C for 2-5 hours. After filtration, the filter cake is used for filtration. After filtration, the filter cake is washed, the filtrate is combined and cooled, and the filtrate is cooled by stirring for 3h. Solid second intermediate; The mass ratio of the first intermediate to the sodium hydroxide solution is I: 1.8-2.0;
3. Prepare the third intermediate
The second intermediate was dissolved in pure acetic anhydride solution for reflux 3 ~ 5h. After the reflux, the acetic anhydride was concentrated and dissolved with toluene. After the dissolution, ammonia water was added, and the reaction took place at 60_65°C for 1 ~ 1.5 h. Filtrate, wash and dry the precipitated solid to get the solid third intermediate; The mass ratio of the second intermediate, pure acetic anhydride solution, toluene and ammonia water is 5:1-1.2:0.5-0.8:0.5-0.8;
4. Prepare Finebute
The third intermediate was dissolved in 25% sodium hydroxide solution and cooled to _5°C ~ 10°C. After cooling, sodium hypochlorite was added slowly within 15-20min for 1h reaction, followed by ice bath reaction of 0.5 ~ 1.5 h and water bath reaction of 0.5 ~ 1.5 h. Finally, the temperature was gradually increased to 60 ~ 80°C for 1-5 h, and the reaction was cooled again after completion. After cooling, hydrochloric acid was added in the ice water bath to adjust the PH to 2, and the decolorization was stirred at room temperature. After filtration, sodium hydroxide was added in the ice water bath to adjust the PH to 6-7, and the cooling was stirred for 2 hours. The mass ratio of the third intermediate, sodium hydroxide solution and sodium hypochlorite is 1.0:0.8-1.0:1.0-1.1.
Preparation of Fenebute
1. Prepare the first intermediate
Benzaldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate into ethanol, stir at room temperature under the catalysis of organic alkali reaction with filter cake filtration after 45 ~ 50 h, after the completion of the filter with ethanol elution filter cake, dry cake solids, then ethanol filtrate concentrated to a quarter of the original volume, to cold, concentrate filtering alcohol washing, solid, merging two solid is the first intermediate; The mole ratio of benzaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate and ethanol is 1:2.5 -3:12-15.
2. Prepare the second intermediate
The first intermediate is added to the mass concentration of 20% sodium hydroxide solution, and the reaction is stirred at 85-90°C for 2-5 hours. After filtration, the filter cake is used for filtration. After filtration, the filter cake is washed, the filtrate is combined and cooled, and the filtrate is cooled by stirring for 3h. Solid second intermediate; The mass ratio of the first intermediate to the sodium hydroxide solution is I: 1.8-2.0;
3. Prepare the third intermediate
The second intermediate was dissolved in pure acetic anhydride solution for reflux 3 ~ 5h. After the reflux, the acetic anhydride was concentrated and dissolved with toluene. After the dissolution, ammonia water was added, and the reaction took place at 60_65°C for 1 ~ 1.5 h. Filtrate, wash and dry the precipitated solid to get the solid third intermediate; The mass ratio of the second intermediate, pure acetic anhydride solution, toluene and ammonia water is 5:1-1.2:0.5-0.8:0.5-0.8;
4. Prepare Finebute
The third intermediate was dissolved in 25% sodium hydroxide solution and cooled to _5°C ~ 10°C. After cooling, sodium hypochlorite was added slowly within 15-20min for 1h reaction, followed by ice bath reaction of 0.5 ~ 1.5 h and water bath reaction of 0.5 ~ 1.5 h. Finally, the temperature was gradually increased to 60 ~ 80°C for 1-5 h, and the reaction was cooled again after completion. After cooling, hydrochloric acid was added in the ice water bath to adjust the PH to 2, and the decolorization was stirred at room temperature. After filtration, sodium hydroxide was added in the ice water bath to adjust the PH to 6-7, and the cooling was stirred for 2 hours. The mass ratio of the third intermediate, sodium hydroxide solution and sodium hypochlorite is 1.0:0.8-1.0:1.0-1.1.
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