Tomato umbilical rot is the phenomenon of physiological necrosis of cells in the umbilicus during fruit enlargement. The necrotic sites increase with the enlargement of the fruit, and then the mold decays and forms black rot-like diseased lumps. This is often called folk. "Black plaster."
The cause of umbilical rot disease is caused by calcium deficiency in the body. Because calcium is an important component of the plasma membrane and cell wall of tomato cells, if there is a lack of calcium in the tomato field, it may induce umbilical rot. The causes of calcium deficiency and its performance are mainly in the following aspects:
First, some soils themselves lack calcium elements. For example, acidic soils have low calcium content, and tomatoes have a higher chance of acquiring umbilical rot.
The second is that the soil contains calcium, but it shows inhibitory symptoms of calcium deficiency. In the concentrated fruit setting period, the tomato encounters continuous high temperature and drought, and the soil is seriously deficient in moisture. Tomatoes are difficult to absorb calcium fertilizer from the soil. Some vegetable farmers have too much fertilizer at one time, which will increase the concentration of soil solution and live in this environment. Tomato, due to the concentration of fertilizer solution in the soil, resulting in reverse osmosis, resulting in physiological water loss, the root is also difficult to absorb to the calcium element, so that passive calcium deficiency, which may lead to the occurrence of umbilical rot.
In order to increase the yield and quality of tomato and ensure the increase of production and efficiency, it is necessary to improve the fertilization technology and optimize the level of formula fertilization.
First of all, the formula was reused as base fertilizer. Tomatoes are prosperous, roots are developed, results are numerous, results are longer, and the demand for fertilizers is greater. It is necessary to invest more fertilizer to achieve high yields and quality. In general, 3000-4000 kg of fully-fertilized organic fertilizer should be applied per acre, and 25 kg of superphosphate, 10 kg of potash, or 100-150 kg of organic fertilizer, or 50-80 kg of organic compound fertilizer should be applied. Should be deep in the preparation of land, not to spread.
Second, timely fertilizer. One is to lightly apply the first fertilizer, the other is to re-apply fruit fertilizer, and the third is to supplement the fruit fertilizer. To prevent madness, after the planting and transplanting to the early flowering stage, the top-up seedlings are topped 1-2 times; when the fruit is large, the top dressing may be topped every 7-10 days; Application of fertilizer 1-2 times will help strengthen the stamina and increase production.
Third, spray fertilization outside the root. Tomato leaves have a strong ability to absorb fertilizers. In the field of acidic soils, after starting the results, spray 1%-1.5% of superphosphate or 0.4% of calcium chloride solution to the roots 1-2 times. At the same time, attention should be paid to timely drainage and irrigation so that water can be used to regulate fertilizer and maximize the effect of fertilization.
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