Extraction of traditional Chinese medicine, also known as separation, refers to the whole process of obtaining the required drugs or semi-finished products after one or more operation steps from the raw materials of Chinese herbal medicines. The entire production process, from raw material pretreatment, solute separation, and concentration to obtaining a material, can be divided into a number of processes or unit operations, including pretreatment, solute separation, clarification, filtration, evaporation, and drying. The determination of the extraction process and the configuration of the Chinese medicine extraction equipment are a very complicated problem, and the influencing factors are many. Usually can be considered from the following aspects.
1. The nature of the raw materials. This is the first factor to consider. Mainly include: plant morphology of raw materials (roots, bark, vine, whole grass, leaves, flowers and fruit seeds), internal microstructure (void and microporous structure), infiltration, particle size , density, volatile component content, heat sensitivity, content and characteristics of active ingredients. Appropriate processes and equipment must be selected for the characteristics of the raw materials. For example, supercritical extraction has obvious advantages for extracting high volatile components, fat soluble components, high heat sensitive substances and active ingredients of the raw materials of the heron; microwave extraction can overcome the fine powder of raw materials. Easy to coagulate, coke, and so on. The universal Chinese medicine cone or straight type extraction tank is now widely used.
2. The amount of processing. This is the basis for process and equipment configuration and related calculations. For high-volume processing, continuous dynamic countercurrent contact processes will help meet production needs.
3. Equipment investment, operating cycle and maintenance costs. These factors often lead to contradictions and should be considered in combination with other factors.
4. Production site. Usually refers to the area and height of the production workshop. It can be divided into two situations: one is to consider the building structure, cost and installation difficulty and cost of the plant when designing the equipment according to the process; the second is to fully consider the adaptability of the space to the process and equipment when using the existing workshop. .
5. The complexity of the operating technology and the experience of the workers.
1. The nature of the raw materials. This is the first factor to consider. Mainly include: plant morphology of raw materials (roots, bark, vine, whole grass, leaves, flowers and fruit seeds), internal microstructure (void and microporous structure), infiltration, particle size , density, volatile component content, heat sensitivity, content and characteristics of active ingredients. Appropriate processes and equipment must be selected for the characteristics of the raw materials. For example, supercritical extraction has obvious advantages for extracting high volatile components, fat soluble components, high heat sensitive substances and active ingredients of the raw materials of the heron; microwave extraction can overcome the fine powder of raw materials. Easy to coagulate, coke, and so on. The universal Chinese medicine cone or straight type extraction tank is now widely used.
2. The amount of processing. This is the basis for process and equipment configuration and related calculations. For high-volume processing, continuous dynamic countercurrent contact processes will help meet production needs.
3. Equipment investment, operating cycle and maintenance costs. These factors often lead to contradictions and should be considered in combination with other factors.
4. Production site. Usually refers to the area and height of the production workshop. It can be divided into two situations: one is to consider the building structure, cost and installation difficulty and cost of the plant when designing the equipment according to the process; the second is to fully consider the adaptability of the space to the process and equipment when using the existing workshop. .
5. The complexity of the operating technology and the experience of the workers.
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